Senzvimbo yakakosha yekudyara zvirimwa, kudiridza nekudzora huwandu hwemvura yeminda yemupunga zvinoita basa guru mumhando uye goho remupunga. Nekuvandudzwa kwekurima kwemazuva ano, kushandiswa nemazvo kwezviwanikwa zvemvura kwave basa guru. Chiyero chemvura chinokwana zvishoma nezvishoma chave sarudzo yakanaka yekutarisa huwandu hwemvura yemupunga nekuda kwekunyatsorongeka kwayo, kugadzikana uye kugara kwenguva refu. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura musimboti wekushanda, zvakanakira mashandisirwo, zviitiko zvinoshanda uye mikana yekuvandudza chiyero chemvura chinokwana minda yemupunga.
1. Nheyo yekushanda kwemita yemazinga e capacitive
Nheyo yekushanda kwe capacitive level meter inobva pakuchinja kwe capacitance. Kana liquid level ye liquid medium ikachinja, dielectric constant inoenderana ye liquid inokanganisa capacitance ye capacitor, nokudaro zvichiita kuti kuyerwa kwe liquid level kuonekwe. Matanho chaiwo ndeaya anotevera:
Maumbirwo eCapacitor: Meta yeCapacitive level inowanzova nemaelectrode maviri, rimwe rawo iprobe uye rimwe rinowanzova waya yepasi kana kuti mudziyo wacho pachawo.
Kuchinja kwehuwandu hwemagetsi: Kuchinja kwehuwandu hwemvura kunokonzera kuchinja kwenzvimbo iri pakati pemaelectrode. Kana huwandu hwemvura hwakwira kana kudonha, huwandu hwemagetsi hwakatenderedza electrode (senge huwandu hwemhepo hwakaderera i1, uye huwandu hwemvura hwakaderera i80) hunochinja.
Kuyerwa kwesimba remagetsi: Chiyero chemagetsi chinogara chichitarisa shanduko yesimba remagetsi kuburikidza nedunhu, uye chobva chachishandura kuita nhamba yesimba remagetsi.
Kubuda kwechiratidzo: Chiyero chemita chinowanzo tumira kukosha kwechiyero chemvura chakayerwa kune system yekudzora kana mudziyo wekuratidza kuburikidza nechiratidzo cheanalog (senge 4-20mA) kana chiratidzo chedhijitari (senge RS485).
2. Hunhu hwemita yemugero wepamusoro weminda yemupunga
Kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwemuchina wekuyeresa simba remagetsi (capacitive level meter) kuminda yemupunga kunotarisa hunhu hwenzvimbo yemupunga. Hunhu hwayo hunonyanya kuratidzwa muzvinhu zvinotevera:
Kugona kwakasimba kwekudzivirira kukanganiswa: Nzvimbo iri mumunda wemupunga yakaoma, uye mita yemagetsi inowanzo shandisa macircuit ekudzivirira kukanganiswa pakugadzira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kugadzikana kwakanyanya pasi pehunyoro nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
Kuyera nemazvo: Chiyero che capacitive level chinogona kupa kuyera kwemvura nema millimeter, izvo zvakakodzera pakutarisira zvakanaka kudiridza uye zviwanikwa zvemvura.
Zvinhu zvinodzivirira ngura: Muminda yemupunga, muchina wekuyeresa unofanira kudzivirira ngura kubva mumvura, ivhu nemamwe makemikari, saka purobe inowanzogadzirwa nezvinhu zvinodzivirira ngura (zvakaita sesimbi isingasvibi, purasitiki, nezvimwewo).
Zviri nyore kuisa nekugadzirisa: Chiyero che capacitive level chakareruka pakugadzirwa, hachitore nzvimbo yakawanda yekuisa, uye chiri nyore kuchengetedza, zvichiita kuti chikwanise kushandiswa kumaruwa.
Basa rekutarisa kure: Mamita mazhinji emupunga ane mamodule ekutaurirana asina waya, anogona kuita kuti kutarisisa kure uye manejimendi yedata, uye kuvandudza huwandu hwehungwaru hwekutarisira kudiridza.
3. Mabhenefiti ekushandisa kwemamita emhando yepamusoro paminda yemupunga
Kutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura: Nekutarisa nguva chaiyo huwandu hwemvura muminda yemupunga, varimi vanogona kuona nemazvo zvinodiwa pakudiridza, kuderedza marara emvura, uye kuvandudza mashandiro emvura.
Wedzera goho rezvirimwa: Kutarisira huwandu hwemvura nesainzi kunogona kukurudzira kukura nekukura kwemupunga, kuona kuti mvura inowanikwa zvakakwana, uye kudzivirira kudzikira kwekugadzirwa kunokonzerwa nekushomeka kwemvura kana kuunganidzwa kwemvura.
Kurima kwakangwara: Kusanganisa tekinoroji ye sensor ne internet yezvinhu, capacitive level metres inogona kuiswa muhurongwa hwekutarisira kurima kuti igadzire mhinduro yekudiridza yakangwara uye kuita kurima kwakanyatsojeka.
Kusarudza zvinhu zvinotsigirwa nedata: Kuburikidza nekutarisa nekuongorora data remvura kwenguva refu, varimi nevatungamiriri vekurima vanogona kuita sarudzo dzesainzi, kugadzirisa nzira dzekurima nenguva, uye kuvandudza nhanho yekutarisira kurima.
4. Nyaya chaidzo
Nyaya 1: Kutarisira huwandu hwemvura mumunda wemupunga muVietnam
Mumunda wemupunga muVietnam, varimi vanowanzo tarisa huwandu hwemvura nemaoko pakudiridza. Nzira iyi haishande zvakanaka uye inowanzo kanganisa nekuda kwekufunga kwavo. Kuti vawedzere kushanda zvakanaka kwekushandisa zviwanikwa zvemvura, varimi vakasarudza kuisa mita dzemvura dzinokwanisa kuyerera semichina yekutarisa huwandu hwemvura.
Mushure mekuisa mita yemupunga inokwana simba, varimi vanogona kutarisa huwandu hwemvura mumunda wemupunga panguva chaiyo uye kuwana data rehuwandu hwemvura chero nguva kuburikidza nekubatanidza nefoni nemakombiyuta. Kana huwandu hwemvura hwakaderera pane kukosha kwakatemwa, sisitimu iyi inoyeuchidza varimi kuti vadire. Kuburikidza nemhinduro iyi yakangwara, varimi vakaderedza zvakanyanya marara emvura uye vakawedzera kugadzirwa kwemupunga ne10%.
Nyaya yechipiri: Sisitimu yekudiridza yakangwara yeminda yemupunga muMyanmar
Purazi guru muMyanmar rakaisa chiyereso chemagetsi (capacitive level meter) ndokuchibatanidza nemamwe masensa kuti vagadzire sisitimu yekutarisira kudiridza yakangwara. Sisitimu iyi inogadzirisa yega huwandu hwemvura yekudiridza nekutarisa data nemazvo sehuwandu hwemvura, hunyoro hwevhu uye tembiricha.
Muchirongwa chekuedza chepurazi, muchina wekuyeresa mvura wakaona tembiricha iri kukwira uye kudzikira kwehunyoro hwevhu, uye sisitimu iyi yakatanga kudiridza yega kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti minda yemupunga yawana mvura yakakwana munguva yekusanaya kwemvura. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kukura kwemupunga kwakapfupikiswa, mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakabudirira kuwanikwa mumwaka mumwe chete, uye goho rose repurazi rakawedzera ne15%.
Nyaya yechitatu: Nzvimbo yembeu dzemupunga muIndonesia
Munzvimbo yekumera mhodzi dzemupunga muIndonesia, kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mvura yagara zvakanaka panguva yekumera mhodzi, maneja akaunza mita yekuongorora mvura. Nzvimbo yacho inogara ichitarisa huwandu hwemvura, ichibatanidza michina nehurongwa hwekuongorora data guru, uye inogara ichigadzirisa mwero wehuwandu hwemvura.
Kuburikidza nedata renguva chaiyo, mamaneja akawana kuti mvura shoma zvakanyanya inokanganisa mwero wekurarama kwembeu, nepo mvura yakawanda zvakanyanya ichizokonzera zvirwere nezvipembenene. Mushure memwedzi yakati wandei yekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa, kudzora mwero wemvura kwakazoitwa nemazvo, uye mwero wekubudirira kwekurima mbeu wakawedzera ne20%, izvo zvakawana mhinduro dzakanaka kumusika.
5. Tarisiro yebudiriro
Nekufambira mberi kuri kuita tekinoroji yekurima, mikana yekushandisa mita dzemupunga muminda yemupunga yakakura. Nzira yekuvandudza remangwana inonyanya kuratidzwa muzvinhu zvinotevera:
Kubatanidzwa kwakangwara: Batanidza mita dzemagetsi dzinokwanisa kuyerera pamwe chete nedzimwe sensor (dzakadai se sensor dzekupisa nehunyoro, sensor dzehunyoro hwevhu, nezvimwewo) mupuratifomu yakangwara yekutarisira kurima kuti uwane kutariswa kwakazara uye kutarisirwa.
Tekinoroji yekutaurirana isina waya: Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yeInternet of Things, ma level metres achashandisa zvakanyanya tekinoroji yekutaurirana isina waya kuti zvive nyore kuisa, kuvandudza mashandiro ekutumira data, uye kuita kuti kutariswa kwedata kuve nyore.
Kuongororwa kwedata uye mashandisirwo aro: Kuburikidza netekinoroji yepamusoro senge big data uye artificial intelligence, kukosha kwedata rekuyera huwandu hwemvura kunocherwa kuti kupe rutsigiro rwekuwedzera pakusarudza kugadzirwa kwekurima.
Kuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji: Vagadziri vanofanirwa kugara vachigadzira zvinhu zvitsva uye matekinoroji matsva kuti vavandudze kugona, hupenyu uye kururama kwemamita emhando yepamusoro ekudzivirira kukanganiswa kwezvinhu kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa nenzvimbo dzakasiyana nevashandisi.
Mhedziso
Chiyero chemupunga chakatsaurirwa mumunda wemupunga chine basa guru mukurima kwemazuva ano. Kushandiswa kwacho mukutarisa huwandu hwemvura hakungobatsiri chete pakushandisa mvura zvakanaka, asiwo kunopa rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi pakurima nemazvo. Nekufambira mberi kwesainzi netekinoroji uye kufambira mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwekurima, mita dzemupunga dzicharamba dzichibatsira zvikuru mukusimudzira kurimwa kwemupunga uye kuwedzera kurimwa kwevarimi nemari yavo.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-16-2025