Nekuwedzera kuri kuita shanduko yemamiriro ekunze pasi rose pakurima, varimi muSouth Africa vari kutsvaga matekinoroji matsva kuti vagadzirise matambudziko aya. Kushandiswa kwakapararira kwetekinoroji yepamusoro yekunzwa ivhu munzvimbo zhinji dzeSouth Africa kunoratidza danho rakakosha rekurima nemazvo muindasitiri yekurima yenyika.
Kukura kwekurima kwakanyatsonaka
Kurima kwakanyatsogadzirwa inzira inoshandisa tekinoroji yeruzivo uye ongororo yedata kuti iwedzere kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa. Nekutarisa mamiriro evhu panguva chaiyo, varimi vanogona kutarisira minda yavo nesainzi, kuwedzera goho uye kuderedza kudyiwa kwezviwanikwa. Dhipatimendi rezvekurima reSouth Africa rakabatana nemakambani akati wandei etekinoroji kuti vaise zviuru zvemasensa evhu mumapurazi munyika yese.
Mashandiro anoita masensa evhu
Ma sensor aya anowanikwa muvhu uye anokwanisa kuona zviratidzo zvikuru zvakaita sehunyoro, tembiricha, huwandu hwezvinovaka muviri uye kufambisa magetsi panguva chaiyo. Data iri rinotumirwa pasina waya kuenda kupuratifomu yakavakirwa mugore uko varimi vanogona kuriwana kuburikidza nemafoni avo kana makomputa uye kuwana mazano ekurima akagadzirirwa ivo pachavo.
Semuenzaniso, kana masensa akaona kuti hunyoro hwevhu huri pasi pedanho rakati, sisitimu inozivisa varimi kuti vadire. Saizvozvowo, kana ivhu risina zvinovaka muviri zvakakwana zvakaita senitrogen, phosphorus nepotassium, sisitimu iyi inokurudzira varimi kuti vashandise huwandu hwakakodzera hwefetereza. Nzira iyi chaiyo yekutarisira haingobatsiri chete kukura kwezvirimwa, asiwo inoderedza kutambisa mvura, fetereza nezvimwe zviwanikwa.
Mari chaiyo inowanikwa nevarimi
Papurazi riri mudunhu reEastern Cape kuSouth Africa, murimi John Mbelele anga achishandisa ma sensor evhu kwemwedzi yakati wandei. "Kare, taifanira kushandisa ruzivo uye nzira dzechinyakare kuti tizive kuti tinofanira kudiridza nekuisa fetiraiza riini. Iye zvino nema sensor aya, ndinogona kuziva mamiriro evhu chaizvo, izvo zvinoita kuti ndive nechivimbo mukukura kwezvirimwa zvangu."
Mbele akataurawo kuti achishandisa masensa, purazi rake rinoshandisa mvura shoma ne30 muzana uye fetereza shoma ne20 muzana, ukuwo richiwedzera goho rezvirimwa ne15 muzana. Izvi hazvingoderedzi mari yekugadzira chete, asi zvinoderedzawo kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Nyaya yekunyorera
Nyaya 1: Purazi reOasis kuEastern Cape
Kumashure:
Iri muEastern Cape Province muSouth Africa, Oasis Farm inofukidza nzvimbo inosvika mahekita mazana mashanu uye inonyanya kurima chibage nesoya. Nekuda kwemvura isingawanzonaya munzvimbo iyi mumakore achangopfuura, murimi Peter van der Merwe anga achitsvaga nzira dzekushandisa mvura zvakanaka.
Mashandisirwo eSensor:
Pakutanga kwegore ra2024, Peter akaisa ma sensor evhu makumi mashanu papurazi, ayo anoparadzirwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana kuti aongorore hunyoro hwevhu, tembiricha uye huwandu hwezvinovaka muviri panguva chaiyo. Sensor yega yega inotumira data ku cloud platform maminetsi gumi nemashanu ega ega, ayo Peter anogona kuona panguva chaiyo kuburikidza ne mobile app.
Mhedzisiro chaiyo:
1. Kudiridza nemazvo:
Achishandisa data re sensor, Peter akaona kuti hunyoro hwevhu mune mamwe mapurazi hwakaderera zvakanyanya munguva yakatarwa, nepo mune mamwe hwakaramba hwakagadzikana. Akagadzirisa hurongwa hwake hwekudiridza zvichibva pane data iri ndokuisa nzira yekudiridza yenzvimbo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kushandiswa kwemvura yekudiridza kwakaderedzwa neinenge 35 muzana, nepo goho rechibage nesoyabhinzi rakawedzera ne10 muzana ne8 muzana, zvichiteerana.
2. Gadzirisai kuberekesa mbeu zvakanaka:
Masensa anoongororawo huwandu hwezvinovaka muviri zvakaita senitrogen, phosphorus uye potassium muvhu. Peter akagadzirisa purogiramu yake yekuberekesa zvichibva padata iri kudzivirira kuwedzeredza fetereza. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kushandiswa kwefetireza kwakadzikira neinenge 25 muzana, ukuwo mamiriro ekudya kwezvirimwa akavandudzika.
3. Yambiro yezvipembenene:
Masensa aya akabatsirawo Peter kuona zvipembenene nezvirwere muvhu. Nekuongorora data rekupisa kwevhu nehunyoro, akakwanisa kufanotaura kuitika kwezvipembenene nezvirwere uye kutora matanho ekudzivirira kuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene.
Mhinduro kubva kuna Peter van der Mewe:
"Ndichishandisa sensor yevhu, ndakakwanisa kutarisira purazi rangu zvakanyanya nesainzi. Kare, ndaigara ndichinetseka nezvekudiridza zvakanyanya kana kuisa fetereza, ikozvino ndava kukwanisa kuita sarudzo zvichibva padata chairo. Izvi hazvingowedzera kugadzirwa chete, asiwo zvinoderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza."
Nyaya yechipiri: "Minda yemizambiringa ine zuva" muWestern Cape
Kumashure:
Inowanikwa muWestern Cape Province muSouth Africa, Sunshine Vineyards inozivikanwa nekugadzira waini dzemhando yepamusoro. Muridzi wemunda wemizambiringa Anna du Plessis ari kutarisana nedambudziko rekuderera kwegoho remazambiringa uye mhando yawo nekuda kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pakugadzirwa kwemichero yemichero.
Mashandisirwo eSensor:
Pakati pa2024, Anna akaisa ma sensor evhu makumi matatu muminda yemizambiringa, ayo akagoverwa pasi pemhando dzakasiyana dzeminda yemizambiringa kuti aongorore hunyoro hwevhu, tembiricha uye huwandu hwezvinovaka muviri panguva chaiyo. Anna anoshandisawo ma sensor emamiriro ekunze kuti aongorore data rakadai sekupisa kwemhepo, hunyoro uye kumhanya kwemhepo.
Mhedzisiro chaiyo:
1. Kutarisira zvakanaka:
Achishandisa data re sensor, Anna anokwanisa kunzwisisa mamiriro evhu pasi pemuti wega wega. Zvichibva padata iri, akagadzirisa hurongwa hwekudiridza nekututira mbeu uye akaisa manejimendi yakanatswa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, goho nehunhu hwemazambiringa zvakavandudzwa zvakanyanya, pamwe nehunhu hwewaini.
2. Kutarisirwa kweZviwanikwa zveMvura:
Masensa akabatsira Anna kuti ashandise mvura zvakanaka. Akaona kuti hunyoro hwevhu mune dzimwe nzvimbo hwakanga hwakanyanya kuwanda munguva dzakati, zvichikonzera kushomeka kweokisijeni mumidzi yemizambiringa. Nekugadzirisa hurongwa hwake hwekudiridza, akadzivisa kudiridza zvakanyanya uye akachengetedza mvura.
3. Kuchinjika nemamiriro ekunze:
Zvinoongorora mamiriro ekunze zvinobatsira Anna kuziva migumisiro yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze paminda yake yemizambiringa. Zvichienderana nedata rekupisa kwemhepo nehunyoro, akagadzirisa matanho ekuchekerera nekudzikamisa mizambiringa kuti awedzere kusimba kwemamiriro ekunze emiti yemizambiringa.
Mhinduro kubva kuna Anna du Plessis:
"Ndichishandisa ma sensor evhu nema sensor emamiriro ekunze, ndakakwanisa kutarisira munda wangu wemizambiringa zviri nani. Izvi hazvingobatsiri goho uye mhando yemazambiringa chete, asiwo zvinondipa kunzwisisa kwakanyanya kwemhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Izvi zvichabatsira zvikuru muzvirongwa zvangu zvekudyara mune ramangwana."
Nyaya 3: Purazi reHarvest muKwaZulu-Natal
Kumashure:
Purazi reHarvest riri mudunhu reKwaZulu-Natal uye rinorima nzimbe zvakanyanya. Nekusanaya kwemvura munzvimbo iyi, murimi Rashid Patel anga achitsvaga nzira dzekusimudzira kurimwa kwenzimbe.
Mashandisirwo eSensor:
Muchikamu chechipiri chegore ra2024, Rashid akaisa ma sensor evhu makumi mana papurazi, ayo akapararira munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana kuti aongorore hunyoro hwevhu, tembiricha uye huwandu hwezvinovaka muviri panguva chaiyo. Akashandisawo ma drones kutora mifananidzo yemudenga uye kutarisa kukura kwenzimbe.
Mhedzisiro chaiyo:
1. Wedzera kugadzirwa:
Achishandisa data resensor, Rashid akakwanisa kunzwisisa mamiriro evhu emunda wega wega. Akagadzirisa hurongwa hwekudiridza nekugadzira manyowa zvichibva padata iri, achishandisa nzira dzekurima dzakanyatsojeka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, goho renzimbe rakawedzera neanenge 15%.
2. Chengetedza zviwanikwa:
Masensa akabatsira Rashid kuti ashandise mvura nefetereza zvakanaka. Zvichienderana neruzivo rwehunyoro hwevhu nezvinovaka muviri, akagadzirisa hurongwa hwekudiridza nefetereza kudzivirira kudiridza zvakanyanya nefetereza uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa.
3. Kutarisira Zvipembenene:
Masensa aya akabatsirawo Rashid kuona zvipembenene nezvirwere muvhu. Zvichienderana ne data rekupisa kwevhu nehunyoro, akatora matanho ekuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene.
Mhinduro kubva kuna Rashid Patel:
"Ndichishandisa sensor yevhu, ndakakwanisa kutarisira purazi rangu zvine hunyanzvi. Izvi hazvingowedzere goho renzimbe chete, asi zvinoderedzawo kukanganisa nharaunda. Ndinoronga kuwedzera kushandiswa kwe sensor mune ramangwana kuti ndiwane kushanda zvakanaka kwekurima."
Rutsigiro rwehurumende nemakambani etekinoroji
Hurumende yeSouth Africa inokoshesa zvikuru kukura kwekurima kwakanyatsonaka uye inopa rutsigiro rwakasiyana-siyana rwemitemo uye rubatsiro rwemari. "Nekukurudzira tekinoroji yekurima kwakanyatsonaka, tinotarisira kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekurima, kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu chenyika uye kukurudzira budiriro inoenderera mberi," akadaro mukuru wehurumende.
Makambani akati wandei etekinoroji ari kushandawo zvakanyanya, achipa mhando dzakasiyana dzemasensa evhu uye mapuratifomu ekuongorora data. Makambani aya haangope chete michina yehardware, asiwo anopa kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi uye masevhisi ekutsigira varimi kuti avabatsire kushandisa matekinoroji matsva aya zviri nani.
Maonero eramangwana
Nekufambira mberi kuri kuramba kuchiitwa uye kufarirwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuongorora ivhu, kurima muSouth Africa kuchaunza nguva yekurima kwakangwara uye kunoshanda zvakanaka. Mune ramangwana, ma sensor aya anogona kusanganiswa nemadrone, michina yekurima inongozvishandira yoga nezvimwe zvishandiso kuti vagadzire ecosystem yekurima yakangwara.
Dr John Smith, nyanzvi yezvekurima muSouth Africa, vakati: “Masensa evhu chikamu chakakosha chekurima nemazvo. Nemasensa aya, tinogona kunzwisisa zviri nani zvinodiwa nevhu nezvirimwa, zvichiita kuti kurima kuve kwakanaka. Izvi hazvingobatsiri chete kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwechikafu, asiwo kuderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kubatsira mukusimudzira budiriro inoenderera mberi.”
Mhedziso
Kurima muSouth Africa kuri kuchinja tekinoroji. Kushandiswa kwakakura kwezvinoongorora ivhu hakungogadzirisi kubudirira kwekurima chete, asiwo kunounza mabhenefiti chaiwo ehupfumi kuvarimi. Nekufambira mberi kuri kuitwa tekinoroji nerutsigiro rwemitemo, kurima kwakanyatsonaka kuchaita basa rakakosha muSouth Africa nepasi rose, zvichipa mupiro wakanaka mukuzadzisa Zvinangwa zveSustainable Development.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-20-2025