Chidzidzo chitsva chinoratidza kuti zvinosvibisa kubva muzviitiko zvevanhu zvinokanganisa sei kugona kwavo kutsvaga maruva
Munzira ipi neipi yakabatikana, zvisaririra zvepombi yemotokari zvinorembera mumhepo, pakati pazvo manitrogen oxides neozone. Izvi zvinosvibisa, izvo zvinoburitswawo nenzvimbo dzakawanda dzeindasitiri nemagetsi emagetsi, zvinoyangarara mumhepo kwemaawa kusvika kumakore. Vesainzi vagara vachiziva kuti makemikari aya anokuvadza hutano hwevanhu. Asi zvino, humbowo huri kukura hunoratidza kuti izvi zvinosvibisa zvimwe chetezvo zvinoitawo kuti upenyu huomerwe nezvinotakura mukume nezvipembenene zvinotsamira pazviri.
Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinosvibisa mhepo dzinoita nemakemikari anoumba hwema hweruva, achichinja uwandu uye maumbirwo emiti yacho nenzira inotadzisa mupfuri kuti asakwanisa kuona maruva. Kuwedzera pakutsvaga zvinhu zvinooneka zvakaita seruva kana ruvara, zvipembenene zvinotsamira pa“mepu” yemunhuhwi, musanganiswa wemamorekuru emunhuhwi akasiyana nerudzi rwemaruva ega ega, kuti awane chirimwa chaanoda. Ground-level ozone uye nitrogen oxides anopindirana nemaruva anonhuwirira mamorekuru, achigadzira makemikari matsva anoshanda zvakasiyana.
"Kunyanya kuchinja hwema huri kutsvagwa netumbuyu," akadaro Ben Langford, musayendisiti wezvemuchadenga weUK Center for Ecology and Hydrology anoongorora nyaya iyi.
Mapollinator anodzidza kubatanidza musanganiswa wakasarudzika wemakemikari anoburitswa neruva nerudzi irworwo nemubairo warwo weshuga. Kana makomisheni aya asina kusimba asangana nezvinosvibisa zvakanyanya, maitiro anochinja huwandu hwemaruva anonhuhwirira pamwe nehuwandu hwemhando imwe neimwe yemamorekuru, zvichinyatso shandura hwema.
Vatsvagiri vanoziva kuti ozone inorwisa rudzi rwekabhoni bond inowanikwa mumaruva anonhuwirira mamorekuru. Nekune rimwe divi, nitrogen oxides inyaya yenigma, uye hazvisati zvanyatsojeka kuti mamorekuru emaruva anonhuwirira anoita sei nerudzi urwu rwekomboni. "Iyi mepu yekunhuwa yakakosha kune vanotakura mukume, kunyanya vanobhururuka mukume," akadaro James Ryalls, mumwe muongorori wepaYunivhesiti yeKuverenga. "Kune dzimwe nyuchi, semuenzaniso, dzinongoona ruva kana iri pasi pemita imwe kubva paruva, saka kunhuwa kwakakosha kwadziri kutsvaga chikafu."
Langford nedzimwe nhengo dzechikwata chake vakatanga kunzwisisa kuti ozone inoshandura sei chimiro chemaruva anonhuwira. Vakashandisa mugero wemhepo nemasensa kuyera chimiro chegore rehwema rinogadzirwa nemaruva paanoburitsa kunhuwirira kwawo. Vatsvakurudzi vakabva vabudisa ozone pazvikamu zviviri, imwe yakafanana neiyo UK inosangana nayo munguva yezhizha apo ozone mazinga akakwirira, mumugero une maruva anonhuwira. Vakaona kuti ozone inodya pamicheto yepombi, ichipfupisa hupamhi nehurefu.
Vatsvakurudzi vakabva vatora mukana wehoneybee reflex inozivikanwa seproboscis extension. Zvakawanda sembwa yaPavlov, iyo yaizonyura pakurira kwebhero rekudya kwemanheru, nyuchi dzinowedzera chikamu chemuromo wadzo chinoshanda sechubhu yekudya, inozivikanwa seproboscis, mukupindura kunhuhwirira kwavanoshamwaridzana nemubairo weshuga. Masayendisiti paakapa nyuchi idzi hwema hwadzaiwanzonzwa mamita matanhatu kubva paruva, dzakabudisa proboscis yadzo 52 muzana yenguva. Izvi zvakadzikira kusvika 38 muzana yenguva yekomboni yehwema inomiririra kunhuwa kwemamita gumi nemaviri kubva paruva.
Zvisinei, apo dzakashandisa chinjo dzakafanana pakunhuhwirira kwaizoitika mupfunde yakashatiswa neozone, nyuchi dzakangopindura bedzi 32 muzana yenguva pachiratidzo chamamita matanhatu uye 10 muzana yenguva pachiratidzo chamamita 12. "Unoona uku kudonha kunoshamisa muhuwandu hwenyuchi dzinobva dzaziva kunhuwa," akadaro Langford.
Tsvagiridzo zhinji pamusoro penyaya iyi yakaitwa munzvimbo dzamarabhoritari, kwete mumunda kana nzvimbo yezvipembenene. Kugadzirisa gaka iri rezivo, masayendisiti epaYunivhesiti yeKuverenga anomisa pombi dzinosundira ozone kana dhiziri muzvikamu zvemunda wegorosi. Maedzo akaiswa mumhepo yakavhurika 26-foot inobatsira vaongorori kuongorora mhedzisiro yekusvibiswa kwemhepo pamhando dzakasiyana dzemapollinator.
Chikwata chevatsvakurudzi chakaongorora seti dzemiti yemasitadhi munzvimbo dzekushanyirwa kwemukume. Mamwe makamuri aive nedhiziri yekupomba mukati pamatanho ari pasi peEPA ambient air quality standards. Munzvimbo idzodzo, zvipembenene zvakadzikira kusvika ku90 muzana pakukwanisa kuwana maruva azvinotsamira pakudya. Pamusoro pezvo, mbesa dzemasitadhi dzakashandiswa muchidzidzo ichi, kunyangwe dziri maruva ekuzvitakura, dzakawana kudzikiswa kwe31 muzana mune mamwe matanho ekukura kwembeu zvakare, zvichida nekuda kwekudzikira kwekusvibiswa kubva mukusvibiswa kwemhepo.
Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinoratidza kuti zvipembenene zvinotakura mukume zvinosangana nematambudziko akasiyana nekuda kwehuwandu hwazvino hwekusvibiswa kwemhepo. Asi pakushanda pamwe chete nemamwe matambudziko akatarisana nezvipembenene izvi, kusvibiswa kwemhepo kunogona kukonzera matambudziko
Tinogona kupa masensa ekuyera huwandu hwakawanda hwemagasi
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-08-2024