Nyaya dzekushandiswa kweMasensa eHydrological Radar, Rain Gauges, uye Masensa Ekutama kweMafashamo eGomo muSoutheast Asia

Southeast Asia, inozivikanwa nemamiriro ekunze emvura inonaya mumasango emuchadenga, zviitiko zvemvura zhinji, uye nzvimbo dzine makomo, ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kusangana nematambudziko emafashamo emakomo pasi rose. Kutarisa mvura inonaya munzvimbo imwe chete hakuchakwani kune zvinodiwa zvemazuva ano zvekunyevera nguva isati yasvika. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kugadzira sisitimu yekutarisa nekunyevera yakabatana inosanganisa matekinoroji emuchadenga, edenga, uye epasi. Chinhu chikuru chesisitimu yakadaro chinosanganisira: masensa eradar emvura (ekutarisa mvura yakawanda), magauge emvura (ekuenzanisa mvura nepasi chaipo), uye masensa ekufamba (ekutarisa mamiriro enzvimbo).

Nyaya inotevera inoratidza mashandiro anoita marudzi matatu aya emasensa pamwe chete.

I. Nyaya Yekushandisa: Chirongwa Chekunyevera Pakutanga Mafashamo Emakomo Nekudonha Kwevhu Munzvimbo Inoyerera Mvura yeJava Island, Indonesia

1. Ruzivo rweProjekiti:
Misha ine makomo iri pakati peJava Island inogara ichikanganiswa nemvura zhinji inonaya panguva yemvura inonaya, zvichikonzera mafashamo emakomo anowanzoitika uye kudonha kwevhu, izvo zvinotyisidzira hupenyu hwevagari, pfuma, uye zvivakwa. Hurumende yemuno, pamwe chete nemasangano epasi rose, yakaisa chirongwa chakakwana chekutarisa nekuyambira munzvimbo diki yedunhu iri.

2. Kugadziriswa kweSensor uye Mabasa:

• "Ziso reDenga" — MaSensor eHydrological Radar (Spatial Monitoring)
  • Basa: Kufanotaura mafambiro emvura munzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda uye kufungidzira kwemvura munzvimbo dzine mvura.
  • Kushandiswa: Network yema radar madiki eX-band kana C-band hydrological akaiswa panzvimbo dzakakwirira dzakatenderedza watershed. Aya ma radar anoongorora mhepo pamusoro pewatershed yese ne high spatiotemporal resolution (semuenzaniso, maminetsi mashanu ega ega, 500m × 500m grid), achifungidzira simba remvura inonaya, mafambiro ekufamba, uye kumhanya.
  • Kushandiswa:
    • Radar inoona gore remvura ine simba richifamba richienda kunzvimbo iri kumusoro kwerwizi uye inoverenga kuti richafukidza nzvimbo yese mukati memaminitsi makumi matanhatu, neavhareji yemvura inonaya munzvimbo iyi inofungidzirwa kuti inodarika 40 mm/awa. Sisitimu iyi inoburitsa yambiro yeLevel 1 (Advisory), ichizivisa nzvimbo dzinoongorora pasi nevashandi vekutarisira kuti vagadzirire kuongororwa kwedata uye kupindura nekukurumidza.
    • Ruzivo rweradar runopa mepu yekugoverwa kwemvura yenzvimbo yese yemvura, zvichiratidza nemazvo nzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda zvakanyanya, izvo zvinoshanda sechikamu chakakosha chekunyevera kwakarurama kunotevera.
• "Nzvimbo Yekutarisa" — Mageji Emvura (Kutarisa Kwakarurama Kwakanangana Nenzvimbo)
  • Basa: Kuunganidzwa kwedata rechokwadi uye kugadziriswa kwedata reradar.
  • Kushandiswa: Mapombi emvura akawanda akapararira munzvimbo dzakadzikira mvura, kunyanya kumusoro kwemisha, munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, uye munzvimbo dzakaonekwa neradar. Mapombi aya anonyora mvura chaiyo pasi pevhu nemazvo (semuenzaniso, 0.2 mm/tip).
  • Kushandiswa:
    • Kana radar yemvura yaburitsa yambiro, sisitimu yacho inobva yatora data renguva chaiyo kubva kumagauge emvura. Kana magauge emvura akawanda akasimbisa kuti mvura yakawandisa muawa yapfuura yadarika 50 mm (muganho wakarongwa), sisitimu iyi inokwidza yambiro kuenda kuLevel 2 (Yambiro).
    • Ruzivo rweRain gauge runoramba ruchitumirwa kucentral system kuti ruenzaniswe uye rugadziriswe neradar fungidziro, zvichiramba zvichivandudza kururama kweradar rain inversion uye kuderedza maalamu enhema uye kusaonekwa kwakaitwa. Izvi zvinoshanda se "chokwadi chepasi" chekusimbisa yambiro dzeradar.
• "Kupomba Kwenyika" — MaSensor Ekutama (Kutarisa Mhinduro Dzepasi)
  • Basa: Kutarisa maitiro chaiwo anoita materu pakunaya kwemvura uye kunyevera zvakananga nezvekudengenyeka kwenyika.
  • Kushandiswa: Ma sensors akatevedzana ekutamiswa akaiswa pamitumbi ine njodzi huru yekudonha kwevhu yakawanikwa kuburikidza neongororo dzezve geology mukati memvura, kusanganisira:
    • Zviboore zveBorehole: Zvinoiswa mumakomba ekuboorera kuti zviongorore kutama kudiki kwematombo nevhu pasi pevhu.
    • Mamita eKutsemuka/Mawaya eKuwedzera: Akaiswa pamusoro pematsemuka epamusoro kuti aongorore kuchinja kwehupamhi hwematsemuka.
    • Nzvimbo dzekutarisa dzeGNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System): Tarisa kusuduruka kwenzvimbo pamusoro pemamirimita.
  • Kushandiswa:
    • Munguva yekunaya kwemvura yakawanda, zviyero zvemvura zvinoratidza kuti mvura yakanyanya kunaya. Panguva ino, masensa ekufamba anopa ruzivo rwakakosha zvikuru—kugadzikana kwenzvimbo.
    • Sisitimu iyi inoona kukurumidza kamwe kamwe kwemafambiro ekutama kubva pakadzika pakadzika panzvimbo ine njodzi huru, pamwe chete nekuwanda kuri kuramba kuchionekwa kubva pamamita ekupwanyika kwepamusoro. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mvura yemvura yapinda mumawere, nzvimbo yekutsvedza iri kuumbwa, uye kudonha kwevhu kuri pedyo.
    • Zvichibva padata iri renguva chaiyo rekutama, sisitimu iyi inodarika yambiro dzinobva pakunaya kwemvura uye inoburitsa zvakananga yambiro yepamusoro-soro yeLevel 3 (Emergency Alert), ichizivisa vagari vari munzvimbo ine njodzi kuburikidza nenhepfenyuro, SMS, uye ma siren kuti vabve ipapo ipapo.

II. Kushanda Pamwe Chete KwemaSensors

1. Danho Rekunyevera Pakutanga (Mvura Isati Yanaya Kusvika Pakunaya Kwekutanga): Radar yemvura inotanga yaona makore ane mvura yakawanda kumusoro kwerwizi, ichipa yambiro nekukurumidza.
2. Chikamu Chekusimbisa uye Kukwira Kwemvura (Panguva Yemvura): Zviyero zvemvura zvinosimbisa kuti mvura iri pasi pevhu inodarika miganho, zvichiratidza uye zvichiratidza nzvimbo yeyambiro.
3. Chikamu Chekuita Zvakakosha (Njodzi Isati Yaitika): Masensa ekutamisa vanhu anoona zviratidzo zvakananga zvekusagadzikana kwemawere, zvichikonzera nyevero yepamusoro-soro yenjodzi iri kuuya, zvichitenga "maminetsi mashoma ekupedzisira" akakosha ekuti vanhu vabude.
4. Kuenzanisa uye Kudzidza (Mukati Mese Mukuita): Ruzivo rweRain gauge runoramba ruchienzanisa radar, ukuwo ruzivo rwese rwese rwesensor ruchirekodhwa kuti rugadzirise mamodheru ekunyevera emangwana uye miganho.

III. Pfupiso Nematambudziko

Nzira iyi yekubatanidza masensa akawanda inopa rutsigiro rwakasimba rwehunyanzvi pakugadzirisa mafashamo emakomo nekudonha kwevhu muSoutheast Asia.

• Radar yemvura inopindura mubvunzo wekuti, "Mvura zhinji ichanaya kupi?" ichipa nguva yekutangira.
• Mageji emvura anopindura mubvunzo wekuti, "Mvura yakanaya yakawanda sei?" zvichipa ruzivo rwakanyatsojeka rwehuwandu.
• Masensa ekufambisa zvinhu anopindura mubvunzo wekuti, “Pasi rava kuda kutsvedza here?” zvichipa humbowo hwakananga hwenjodzi iri kuuya.

Matambudziko anosanganisira:

• Mari Yakakwira: Kuiswa nekugadzirisa ma network e radar ne dense sensor kunodhura.
• Matambudziko Ekugadzirisa: Munzvimbo dziri kure, dzine hunyoro, uye dzine makomo, kuve nechokwadi chekuti magetsi anowanikwa (anowanzo shandiswa nesimba rezuva), kutapurirana kwedata (kazhinji uchishandisa mafrequency eredhiyo kana satellite), uye kugadzirisa michina idambudziko guru.
• Kubatanidzwa Kwehunyanzvi: Mapuratifomu ane simba edata uye maalgorithms anodiwa kuti ubatanidze data rine masosi akawanda uye kugonesa kuita sarudzo otomatiki uye nekukurumidza.
• Seti yakakwana yemaseva nesoftware isina waya module, inotsigira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWANNdapota taurai neHonde Technology Co., LTD.

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