Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAsia, inoratidzwa nemamiriro ekunze ayo anonaya mvura yakawanda, nguva zhinji zviitiko zvemonsoon, uye nzvimbo ine makomo, ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzinowanzoita njodzi dzemafashama emakomo pasi rose. Kutarisisa kwemvura kwagara kuchinzvimbo imwe chete hakuchakwaniri zvinodikanwa zveyambiro yekutanga. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kumisa yakabatanidzwa yekutarisa uye yambiro sisitimu inosanganisa nzvimbo-, denga-, uye pasi-yakavakirwa matekinoroji. Mwoyo weiyo sisitimu yakadai inosanganisira: hydrological radar sensors (ye macroscopic yekunaya kwemvura yekutarisa), mageji emvura (yeiyo chaiyo yepasi-level calibration), uye displacement sensors (yekutarisa pane-saiti geological mamiriro).
Iyi inotevera yakazara yakazara kesi kesi inoratidza kuti aya matatu marudzi ema sensor anoshanda sei pamwechete.
I. Nyaya Yechishandiso: Chirongwa Chekutanga Yambiro yeMafashamo eMakomo uye Kukoromoka kweMavhu munzvimbo yemvura yeJava Island, Indonesia.
1. Kumashure kweProjekiti:
Misha ine makomo iri pakati peJava Island inogara ichikanganiswa nekunaya kwemvura zhinji, zvichikonzera mafashamo emakomo nguva nenguva uye kukoromoka kwevhu, izvo zvinotyisidzira zvakanyanya hupenyu hwevagari, zvivakwa, uye zvivakwa. Hurumende yomunzvimbomo, yakabatana nemasangano epasi rose, yakaita chirongwa chakakwana chekuongorora uye yambiro munzvimbo duku yemvura yedunhu.
2. Sensor Configuration uye Mabasa:
- "Ziso Redenga" - Hydrological Radar Sensors (Spatial Monitoring)
- Basa: Kufembera kweMacroscopic uye fungidziro yekunaya kwemvura.
- Deployment: Network yediki X-band kana C-band hydrological radar yakaiswa panzvimbo dzakakwirira dzakatenderedza mvura. Aya ma radar anoongorora mamiriro ekunze pamusoro pemvura yese ine yakakwira spatiotemporal resolution (semuenzaniso, maminetsi mashanu ega ega, 500m × 500m grid), kufungidzira kuwanda kwemvura, mafambiro, uye kumhanya.
- Application:
- Radar inoona gore rakanyanya kunaya kwemvura richienda kunzvimbo iri pamusoro pemvura uye rinoverenga kuti richavhara nzvimbo yese yemvura mukati memaminitsi makumi matanhatu, neavhareji yeavhareji yekunaya kwemvura inodarika 40 mm/h. Iyo sisitimu inongoburitsa yambiro yeNhamba 1 (Advisory), ichizivisa zviteshi zvekutarisa pasi uye vashandi vemanejimendi kuti vagadzirire kuongororwa kwedata uye mhinduro yechimbichimbi.
- Iyo radar data inopa mepu yekugovera kwemvura yenzvimbo yese yemvura, ichinyatso ratidza nzvimbo dze "hotspot" dzine mvura yakanyanya kunaya, iyo inoshanda seyambiro yakakosha kune yambiro chaiyo inotevera.
- "Ground Reference" - Mageji emvura (Point-Specific Accrate Monitoring)
- Basa: Ground-truth data collection uye radar data calibration.
- Deployment: Mazana emageji ekunaya kwemvura akagoverwa mhiri kwemvura, kunyanya kumusoro kwemisha, munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, uye munzvimbo dzinozivikanwa neradar "hotspot". Masensa aya anorekodha mvura chaiyo yepasi-pamwero wemvura nehupamhi hwepamusoro (semuenzaniso, 0.2 mm/tip).
- Application:
- Kana iyo hydrological radar ikapa yambiro, sisitimu yacho inotora chaiyo-nguva data kubva kumageji emvura. Kana mageji emvura akawanda achisimbisa kuti kuwanda kwemvura muawa yapfuura kwapfuura 50 mm (a preset threshold), hurongwa hunowedzera chenjedzo kuenda kuNhamba 2 (Yambiro).
- Rain gauge data inoramba ichiendeswa kune yepakati sisitimu yekuenzanisa uye kuenzanisa nekufungidzira radar, ichienderera ichivandudza kurongeka kweiyo radar kunaya kwemvura inversion uye kuderedza maaramu enhema uye kupotsa kuwanikwa. Inoshanda se "chokwadi chechokwadi" chekusimbisa yambiro yeradar.
- "Pulse of the Earth" - Displacement Sensors (Geological Response Monitoring)
- Basa: Kuongorora mafambiro chaiwo emateru pakunaya kwemvura uye yambiro yakananga yekuondomoka kwevhu.
- Deployment: Nhepfenyuro yema sensors ekutamisa akaiswa pamitumbi ine njodzi yakanyanya kudonha yakaonekwa kuburikidza nekuongorora geological mukati memvura, kusanganisira:
- Borehole Inclinometers: Yakaiswa mumakomba ekucheresa kutarisa kudiki kusimuka kwedombo rakadzika pasi pevhu nevhu.
- Crack Meter / Wire Extensometers: Yakaiswa mukati mepakatsemuka kuti itarise shanduko muhupamhi hwekutsemuka.
- GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Monitoring Stations: Monitor millimeter-level surface displacements.
- Application:
- Munguva yekunaya kwemvura, zviyero zvemvura zvinosimbisa kuwanda kwemvura. Panguva ino, masensa ekutamisa anopa ruzivo rwakanyanya kukosha-kudzikama.
- Iyo sisitimu inocherekedza kukurumidza kukurumidza kwemitengo yekutamisa kubva pakadzika inclinometer pane yakakwira-njodzi muteremu, ichiperekedzwa nekuenderera mberi kwekuwedzera kuverenga kubva pamusoro pemvura mita. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mvura yemvura yapinda pamateru, panotsvedza pave kuumba, uye kuondomoka kwevhu kwava pedyo.
- Zvichibva pane iyi chaiyo-nguva data yekutamiswa, sisitimu inodarika yambiro yekunaya kwemvura uye yakananga yambiro yepamusoro-yeNhanho 3 (Emergency Alert), ichizivisa vagari vari munzvimbo ine njodzi kuburikidza nenhepfenyuro, SMS, uye siren kuti vabve ipapo.
II. Kudyidzana Kwekushanda KwemaSensors
- Yambiro Yokutanga (Kunaya Kusati Kwanaya kusvika Kumvura Yekutanga): Hydrological radar inoona makore ekunaya kwemvura zvakanyanya kumusoro kwerwizi kutanga, ichipa yambiro nekukasika.
- Chisimbiso neKukwira Kwemvura (Panguva yekunaya kwemvura): Mageji emvura anosimbisa kuti kunaya kwepasi kunodarika zvikumbaridzo, zvichitsanangura nekuisa nhanho yeyambiro.
- Critical Action Phase (Pre-Disaster): Displacement sensors inoona zviratidzo zvakananga zvekusagadzikana kwemateru, zvichikonzera chenjedzo yepamusoro-soro iri pedyo, kutenga yakakosha "maminetsi mashomanana ekupedzisira" kuti abudiswe.
- Calibration uye Kudzidza (Pakati peMaitiro acho): Mvura yegeji data inoramba ichigadzirisa radar, nepo data yese sensor inorekodhwa kuti ikwidze mamodheru ekunyevera uye zvikumbaridzo.
III. Pfupiso neMatambudziko
Iyi yakawanda-sensor yakabatanidzwa nzira inopa yakasimba tekinoroji rutsigiro rwekugadzirisa mafashama emakomo uye kudonha kwevhu muSoutheast Asia.
- Hydrological radar inopindura mubvunzo wokuti, “Mvura zhinji ichanaya kupi?” kupa nguva yekufambisa.
- Mageji emvura anopindura mubvunzo wokuti, “Mvura yakadini yakanaya chaizvoizvo?” kupa chaiyo quantitative data.
- Displacement sensors inogadzirisa mubvunzo, "Ivhu rave kuda kutsvedza?" kupa humbowo hwakananga hwenjodzi iri kuuya.
Zvinetso zvinosanganisira:
- Mutengo Wakakwira: Kuiswa uye kuchengetedza radar uye dense sensor network inodhura.
- Maintenance Matambudziko: Munzvimbo dziri kure, dzine hunyoro, uye dzine makomo, kuve nechokwadi chekuwaniswa kwemagetsi (kazhinji zvichitsamira pasimba rezuva), kuendesa data (kazhinji uchishandisa radio frequency kana setiraiti), uye kuchengetedza kwemuviri kwemidziyo idambudziko rakakura.
- Kubatanidzwa kwehunyanzvi: Mapuratifomu ane simba data uye algorithms anodiwa kubatanidza akawanda-sosi data uye kugonesa otomatiki, nekukurumidza kuita sarudzo.
- Yakazara seti yemaseva uye software isina waya module, inotsigira RS485 GPRS / 4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWANndapota taura neHonde Technology Co., LTD.
Email: info@hondetech.com
Webhusaiti yekambani:www.hondetechco.com
Tel: +86-15210548582
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-19-2025