Kunyange zvazvo zvikamu zvemakanika zvichizara mumvura zhinji uye zvichipwanyika nechimvuramabwe, sensor isina zvikamu zvinofamba iri kuva 'murindi akanyarara' wekutarisa mamiriro ekunze—kwete kungoverenga mvura chete, asi kuziva hunhu hwedonhwe rega rega.
Kwemazana emakore, pfungwa huru yekuyera mvura haina kuchinja: bata mvura yemvura mumudziyo unozivikanwa, wozoiyera, woiyera, kana kuiverenga. Kubva pamageji emvura ekare ekuChina kusvika kumamodheru emazuva ano etipping-bucket, chinhu chikuru chave chiri "kutora" uye "huwandu."
Asi, kuchinja kusinganzwisisike kuri kuitika. Chinoongorora mvura inonaya—kana kuti optical disdrometer—chinorasa zvinhu zvese zvemuchina. Hachiunganidzi mvura; panzvimbo pezvo, “chinoongorora” denga nechiedza, semuongorori wefizikisi asinganeti, zvichigadzira “dhijitari” pakarepo yechinhu chega chega chinopfuura nepakati penzvimbo yacho yekuona.
Chinhu Chinokosha Pakugadzira: Kana Chiedza Chichisangana Nemvura
Nheyo yayo yekushanda yakanaka kwazvo mufizikisi yayo:
- Kuburitsa & Kugamuchira: Sensor inoburitsa chiedza che laser kana infrared chakanyatsojeka, ine optical receiver chaiyo kune rimwe divi.
- Kuchinja Chiratidzo & Kukanganiswa: Pasina mvura, chinogamuchira chinogamuchira chiratidzo chakagadzikana. Donhwe remvura (kana chando, dombo rechimvuramabwe) parinoyambuka danda, rinovhara chiedza kwenguva pfupi uye rinoparadzira, zvichiita kuti "chinyike" muchiratidzo chinogamuchirwa.
- Kuverenga Kwakangwara: Muchina wekugadzirisa data unoongorora nguva uye kudzika kwechiratidzo ichi munguva chaiyo. Maalgorithms akaomarara anobva awana dhayamita yechinhu chimwe nechimwe uye kumhanya kwekudonha.
- Kuburikidza nedata rinobuda: Kuburikidza nenhamba dzinoenderera mberi, hazvingogumiri pakunaya kwemvura uye simba rayo chete, asiwo kugoverwa kwehukuru hwemvura inodonha, uye zvinogona kutosiyanisa pakati pemvura, sinou, chimvuramabwe, uye madonhwe emvura.
Sei Izvi Zvichichinja? Zvakanakira Zvina Zvinokanganisa
1. Kururama Kwazvo, Siyana ne "Kuderedza Kuverengwa"
Magauji ekare etipping-bucket gauges anogona kuderera zvakanyanya kana mvura yanaya zvakanyanya (zvikanganiso zvinopfuura 20%) sezvo bhaketi risingakwanise kutendeuka nekukurumidza. Optical sensors sampuro pa millisecond frequency, zvichiita kuti data rive rakakwana ne99% kunyangwe mumadutu akasimba, zvichikwanisa kubata kutanga, kuguma, uye nguva chaiyo yemvura inonaya.
2. Data reMatanho Akawanda: Kubva pa "Huwandu" kuenda ku "Mufananidzo"
Midziyo yechinyakare inongopindura kuti "zvakadii." Ma sensor ekuona anonyora "mufananidzo wemvura" wemvura: Inoumbwa nemadonhwe madiki asingaverengeki here kana kuti inodzorwa nemadonhwe mashoma makuru? Izvi zvakakosha pakudzidza kukurwa kwevhu (madonhwe makuru anoparadza zvakanyanya), kuyera radar, kusimbiswa kwemuenzaniso wemamiriro ekunze, uye kufanotaura kwemvura.
3. Kushanda Kwekuchengetedza Zvisina Kugadziriswa, Kusatya Munzvimbo Dzakanyanya Kuipa
Sezvo isina zvikamu zvemuchina zvekuomesa nechando, kuvharika, kupfeka, kana ngura, dhizaini yayo ye "solid-state" inobvumira kuiswa pamakomo ari kure, mabhuoy egungwa, mota dzinofamba, uye madrone. Haidi kugadziriswa zvakanyanya, uye hupenyu hwayo hunopfuura makore gumi.
4. Kuenderana kweIoT yeNative
Data rinotumirwa zvakananga kuburikidza nedhijitari, uye rinotumirwa zvakananga kuburikidza nenetwork dzisina waya. Ndiyo nzvimbo yakakodzera yekuvaka network dzekutarisa mamiriro ekunze dzine vanhu vakawanda, dzisingadhuri, uye dzakangwara, dzichipa data risingaenzaniswi rekugadzirisa mafashamo emaguta, kurima kwakarurama, kuchengetedzeka kwendege, uye kutsvagisa kwesainzi.
Mamiriro Ekushandisa Ari Kuchinja Pasi Rose
Chiitiko 1: "Mutauriri weMafashamo"
MuSwiss Alps, network dze optical sensor dziri munzvimbo dzakadzika hadzingopi huwandu hwemvura chaiyo chete asi, kuburikidza nedata remadonhwe emvura panguva chaiyo, dzinoona kana mvura iri "njodzi huru yekunaya kwemvura" (madonhwe makuru) kana kuti "njodzi shoma." Muna 2023, sisitimu yakadaro yakapa yambiro yakakosha yemaminitsi makumi mana nemashanu epamberi pemafashamo emvura zvichienzaniswa nenetwork dzekare.
Chiitiko chechipiri: "Watchtower" yekuchengetedzwa kweNhandare Yendege
PaFrankfurt Airport, masensa ekuona ari pedyo nemigwagwa yendege anosiyanisa mvura inonaya nechando, mapombi echando, nesinou panguva chaiyo, zvichitumira data remhando uye simba zvakananga kuchikwata chekutonga nechikwata chekubvisa mapombi. Izvi zvakawedzera kushanda kwekubvisa mapombi ne30% uye zvakavandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetedzeka kwekusarudza kwekusimuka/kumhara.
Chiitiko chechitatu: "Maikorosikopu" yeKutsvagurudza Kwekurima
Chikwata cheUC chekutsvaga chinoshandisa masensa ekuona kuti mvura inonaya sei (optical sensors) kuongorora hunhu hwemvura inonaya (“mvura inonaya”) hunobva munzira dzakasiyana dzekudiridza (“drip vs. sprinkler”). Ruzivo urwu rwakabatsira kugadzirisa dhizaini yemusoro we sprinkler, zvichivandudza kufanana kwemvura yekudiridza ne15% uye kuderedza kukora kwevhu kunokonzerwa nemadonhwe makuru.
Chiitiko chechina: "Muchengeti weZvinyorwa" Sainzi yeMamiriro ekunze
Munzvimbo dzekutsvagisa dzeAntarctic, masensa ekuona ari pakati pemamonita mashoma emvura anoshanda gore rose pa -50°C. Anopa masayendisiti zvinyorwa zvekutanga zvinoenderera mberi uye zvakarurama zvemaspectra emvura yakasimba (chando, ice crystal) kubva munharaunda iyi, zvichivandudza mamodheru emamiriro ekunze epasi rose.
Matambudziko & Remangwana: Diki, Yakangwara, Kwese Kwese
Parizvino, masensa ekuona anodhura kupfuura emakanika echinyakare uye anoda kuyera zvakanaka panguva yekuisa. Asi ramangwana rakajeka:
- Mari yeChip-Scale Miniaturization & Plummeting: Tekinoroji yeMEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) iri kubatanidza mayuniti ekuona optical pamachipisi, uye mari yacho inotarisirwa kusvika kumisika yevatengi mukati memakore mashanu.
- Kuzivikanwa Kwakawedzerwa kweAI: Maalgorithms ekudzidza kwemuchina ari kushandiswa kuona nekubvisa zviratidzo zvisinganayi mvura (senge zvipembenene, guruva) uye kupatsanura mhando dzemvura nenzira yakarurama.
- "Ungwaru Hwemvura" Hwakabatana: Zviuru zvemasensa e-micro-optical anoumba network dzakasimba zvichagadzira "minda yemvura ye3D" pahukuru hweguta, zvichiratidza kufamba uye kushanduka kwemvura munguva chaiyo.
Mhedziso: Kubva ku "Kuyera Mamiriro Ekunze" Kusvika ku "Kunzwisisa Fizikisi Yemhepo"
Kukosha kwe optical rain sensor kunopfuura kungopa nhamba dzakarurama. Kunoratidza kuchinja kwekutarisa kwemamiriro ekunze uye kwemvura kubva panguva yekuyera kukuru kuenda panguva yekuongorora kudiki.
Kekutanga, zvinotibvumira "kuona" zvikamu zvekutanga zvemvura inonaya pamwero mukuru uye nemutengo wakaderera, zvichishandura mvura yega yega inonaya uye sinou kuita ruzivo rwakakwana rwekuongorora zvakadzama. Mwenje uyu wakanyarara wechiedza haungovhenekeri nzira yemadonhwe emvura chete, asiwo nzira yevanhu yekutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura zvine hungwaru uye zvakadzama munguva yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze.
Patinopfuura kubvunza kuti “mvura yakanaya zvakadii” tobva tatanga kubvunza kuti “seimvura yakanaya here,” tinotanga chitsauko chitsva mu hydrometeorology.
Seti yakakwana yemaseva nesoftware isina waya module, inotsigira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Kuti uwane mamwe masensa emvura ruzivo,
ndapota taurai neHonde Technology Co., LTD.
Email: info@hondetech.com
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Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-09-2025