Nyaya yeChidzidzo cheIndonesia's Early Warning System: Chiitiko Chemazuvano Kubatanidza Radar, Kunaya Kwemvura, uye Displacement Sensors.

Senyika huru kwazvo yezvitsuwa pasi rose, iri munzvimbo dzinopisa dzine mvura zhinji uye mamiriro ekunze anowanzoitika, Indonesia yakatarisana nemafashamu senjodzi yakajairika uye inoparadza. Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, hurumende yeIndonesia yakakurudzira zvakasimba kuvakwa kweFlood Early Warning System (FEWS) inobva paInternet of Things (IoT) uye teknolojia yekunzwa yepamusoro mumakore achangopfuura. Pakati peaya matekinoroji, radar inoyerera mamita, mageji emvura, uye masensa ekufambisa anoshanda seyakakosha data yekutora dhata, ichiita basa rakakosha.

Inotevera inyaya yakazara yekushandisa inoratidza mashandisiro aya matekinoroji anoshanda pamwechete mukuita.

I. Basa reChirongwa: Jakarta neCiliwung River Basin

• Nzvimbo: Guta guru reIndonesia, Jakarta, uye rwizi rweCiliwung rwizi runoyerera nemuguta.
• Dambudziko: Jakarta yakaderera uye ine vanhu vakawanda. Rwizi rweCiliwung rwunowanzofashukira munguva yekunaya kwemvura, zvichikonzera mafashama makuru emumaguta nemafashama enzizi, zvichiunza njodzi kuhupenyu nemidziyo. Nzira dzechinyakare dzekunyevera dzinotsamira pakuona nemaoko hadzichakwanisa kuzadzisa kudiwa kweyevero dzekukurumidza uye dzakarurama.

II. Yakadzama Nyaya Yekudzidza yeTekinoroji Yekushandisa

Iyo FEWS mudunhu rino iotomatiki sisitimu inobatanidza kuunganidza data, kutapurirana, kuongorora, uye kuparadzira. Aya marudzi matatu emasensor anoumba sisitimu “sensory nerves”.

1. Rain Gauge - Iyo "Nzvimbo yekutanga" yeYambiro yekutanga

• Tekinoroji & Basa: Mageji ekunaya kwemvura emugomo anoiswa panzvimbo dzakakosha munzvimbo yepamusoro yemvura yeCiliwung River (semuenzaniso, nzvimbo yeBogor). Vanoyera kuwanda kwekunaya kwemvura uye kuwanda kwemvura nekuverenga kangani kadiki matipi emugomo madiki mushure mekuzadza nemvura inonaya. Iyi data ndiyo yekutanga uye inonyanya kukosha yekufungidzira mafashama.
• Mamiriro Ekushandisa: Kutarisa kunaya kwemvura chaiyo-nguva munzvimbo dziri kumusoro. Mvura zhinji ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kukwira kwerwizi. Dhata inofambiswa munguva-chaiyo kune yepakati data processing centre kuburikidza newireless network (semuenzaniso, GSM/GPRS kana LoRaWAN).
• Basa: Inopa yambiro maererano nekunaya kwemvura. Kana kuwanda kwekunaya kwemvura pane imwe nzvimbo kwakapfuura chikumbaridzo chakagara chaiswa mukati menguva pfupi, sisitimu inongoburitsa yambiro yekutanga, ichiratidza mukana wekunaya kwemvura uye kutenga nguva yakakosha yemhinduro inotevera.

2. Radar Flow Meter - The Core "Ziso Ririnda"

• Tekinoroji & Basa: Isingabatanidzi radar kuyerera mita (kazhinji inosanganisira radar mvura level sensors uye radar pamusoro velocity sensors) inoiswa pamabhiriji kana mabhangi padyo neRwizi rweCiliwung uye madiki ayo makuru. Vanoyera kureba kwemvura (H) uye rwizi rwepamusoro velocity (V) chaizvo nekuburitsa ma microwaves akananga pamusoro pemvura uye kugamuchira zviratidzo zvinoratidzwa.
• Mamiriro ekushandisa: Vanotsiva echinyakare kuonana sensors (senge ultrasonic kana kumanikidza sensors), ayo anowanzo kuvharika uye anoda imwe gadziriso. Tekinoroji yeradar haidzivirirwe kumarara, sediment zvirimo, uye ngura, zvichiita kuti inyatsokodzera mamiriro erwizi rweIndonesia.
• Basa:
  • Kutariswa Kwemvura Yemvura: Inotarisisa mazinga enzizi munguva chaiyo-nguva; inokonzeresa ziviso pamatanho akasiyana nekukurumidza kana mwero wemvura wadarika zvikumbaridzo zvekunyevera.
  • Kuyerera Kwekuyerera: Yakasanganiswa neyakafanorongwa rwizi rweyambuka-chikamu data, sisitimu inoerenga kamwe-kamwe kubuda kwerwizi-chaiyo-nguva (Q = A * V, apo A ndiyo nzvimbo yemhiri-chikamu). Discharge chiratidzo chesainzi chehydrological pane mwero wemvura chete, ichipa mufananidzo wakajeka wechiyero nemafashama esimba.

3. Displacement Sensor - Iyo Infrastructure "Health Monitor"

• Tekinoroji & Basa: Kutsemuka mita uye tiltmeters akaiswa pane akakosha ekudzora mafashama, senge marevhi, ekuchengetedza madziro, uye mabhiriji anotsigira. Aya ma sensors ekutamisa anogona kutarisa kana chivakwa chiri kutsemuka, kugadzika, kana kurereka nemamilimita-level kana yakakwira chaiyo.
• Mamiriro Ekushandisa: Kudzikira kwevhu inyaya yakakomba muzvikamu zveJakarta, zvichiunza njodzi yenguva refu kune kuchengetedzeka kwemafashama ekudzora zvimiro senge levees. Displacement sensors inoiswa muzvikamu zvakakosha uko njodzi dzinogona kuitika.
• Basa: Inopa yambiro yekuchengetedzwa kwemaitiro. Munguva yemafashamo, mazinga emvura akakwirira anopa simba guru pamagetsi. Displacement sensors inogona kuona miniti deformations muchimiro. Kana chiyero che deformation chikaerekana chichiwedzera kana kudarika chikumbaridzo chekuchengetedza, sisitimu inoburitsa alarm, ichiratidza njodzi yenjodzi dzechipiri dzakadai sekutadza kwedhamu kana kudonha kwevhu. Izvi zvinotungamirira kubuda uye kugadziriswa kwechimbichimbi, kudzivirira migumisiro ine njodzi.

III. Kubatanidzwa kweSystem uye Workflow

Aya masensa haashande ari ega asi anoshanda synergistically kuburikidza nepuratifomu yakabatanidzwa:

1. Kuwana Dhata: Sensor yega yega otomatiki uye inoramba ichiunganidza data.
2. Kufambiswa Kwedata: Dhata inofambiswa munguva chaiyo kune yedunhu kana yepakati data server kuburikidza newaya yekutaurirana network.
3. Ongororo yeData & Kuita Sarudzo: Hydrological modelling software iri pakati inobatanidza kunaya kwemvura, mwero wemvura, uye kuburitsa data kuti iite fungidziro yemafashama, kufanotaura nguva yekusvika uye chiyero chepamusoro pemafashama. Panguva imwe chete, displacement sensor data inoongororwa zvakasiyana kuti iongorore kugadzikana kwezvivakwa.
4. Kuparadzira Yambiro: Kana chero nzvimbo imwe chete yedata kana musanganiswa wedata wakadarika pre-setwa zvikumbaridzo, sisitimu inoburitsa yambiro pamatanho akasiyana kuburikidza nematanho akasiyana seSMS, nharembozha, social media, uye siren kumasangano ehurumende, madhipatimendi ekupindura emergency, uye veruzhinji munharaunda dzerwizi.

IV. Kubudirira uye Zvinetso

• Kubudirira:
  • Yakawedzera Nguva Yekutungamira: Nguva dzekunyevera dzakavandudza kubva kumaawa mashoma apfuura kusvika kumaawa 24-48 ikozvino, zvichiwedzera kusimudzira mhinduro dzekukurumidzira.
  • Sainzi Sarudzo-Kuita: Mirairo yekubuda uye kugovera zviwanikwa kwakanyatsojeka uye kunoshanda, zvichibva pane chaiyo-nguva data uye analytical modhi.
  • Kuderedza Kurasikirwa Kweupenyu Nezvivakwa: Yambiro dzepakarepo dzinodzivirira kukuvadzwa uye kuderedza kukuvadzwa kwezvinhu.
  • Infrastructure Safety Monitoring: Inogonesa hungwaru uye yakajairwa kutarisa hutano hwemafashama ekudzora zvimiro.
• Zvinetso:
  • Kuvaka uye Kugadzirisa Mari: Iyo sensor network inovhara nzvimbo yakakura inoda yakakosha kudyara kwekutanga uye kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirisa mari.
  • Nhaurirano Yekufambiswa Kwemashoko: Kuvharika kwetiweki kwakagadzikana kunoramba kuri dambudziko munzvimbo dziri kure dzemakomo.
  • Ruzivo Rweruzhinji: Kuve nechokwadi chekuti meseji yambiro inosvika kuvashandisi vekupedzisira uye kuvakurudzira kuti vatore danho chairo kunoda kuenderera mberi nedzidzo uye kudzidzira.

Mhedziso

Indonesia, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine njodzi yemafashamo akaita seJakarta, iri kuvaka imwe nzira yekusimba mafashamo ekutanga nekuisa masensa network anomiririrwa nemamita ekuyerera kweradar, geji remvura, uye masensa ekutamisa. Ichi chidzidzo chechiitiko chinoratidza zvakajeka kuti muenzaniso wakabatanidzwa wekucherechedza-kusanganisa denga (kunayisa kwemvura), pasi (kutarisisa rwizi), uye engineering (infrastructure monitoring)-inogona kushandura paradigm yekupindura njodzi kubva pakununurwa mushure mechiitiko kusvika kune yambiro isati yaitika uye kudzivirira kwekutanga, kupa ruzivo rwakakosha runoshanda kune dzimwe nyika uye nzvimbo dzinotarisana nematambudziko akafanana pasi rose.

Yakazara seti yemaseva uye software isina waya module, inotsigira RS485 GPRS / 4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN

Kuti uwane mamwe ma sensor ruzivo,

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