Kwemakore makumi maviri nemashanu, Dhipatimendi reZvakatipoteredza reMalaysia (DOE) rakaisa Water Quality Index (WQI) inoshandisa maparamita matanhatu akakosha emhando yemvura: okisijeni yakanyungudutswa (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH, ammonia nitrogen (AN) uye suspended solids (SS). Kuongorora mhando yemvura chinhu chakakosha pakutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura uye chinofanira kutarisirwa nemazvo kudzivirira kukuvara kwezvakatipoteredza kubva mukusvibiswa uye kuve nechokwadi chekutevedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza. Izvi zvinowedzera kudiwa kwekusarudza nzira dzinoshanda dzekuongorora. Chimwe chezvinetso zvikuru zvemakomputa aripo ndechekuti zvinoda kutevedzana kwekuverenga kwenguva pfupi, kwakaoma, uye kunokanganisa. Pamusoro pezvo, WQI haigone kuverengerwa kana imwe kana kupfuura parameter yemhando yemvura isipo. Muchidzidzo ichi, nzira yekugadzirisa yeWQI yakagadzirwa kuti iite kuti maitiro aripo ave akaoma. Kugona kwekushandisa data-driven modeling, iyo Nu-Radial basis function support vector machine (SVM) yakavakirwa pa10x cross-validation, yakagadzirwa uye yakaongororwa kuti ivandudze kufanotaura kweWQI muLangat basin. Kuongorora kwakazara kwekunzwa kwakaitwa pasi pezviitiko zvitanhatu kuti vaone kushanda kwemuenzaniso mukufanotaura kweWQI. Muchiitiko chekutanga, muenzaniso weSVM-WQI wakaratidzwa kugona kukuru kwekutevedzera DOE-WQI uye wakawana mazinga akakwira kwazvo emhedzisiro yehuwandu (correlation coefficient r > 0.95, Nash Sutcliffe efficiency, NSE >0.88, Willmott's consistency index, WI > 0.96). Muchiitiko chechipiri, maitiro ekuenzanisa anoratidza kuti WQI inogona kufungidzirwa pasina ma parameter matanhatu. Saka, DO parameter ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pakusarudza WQI. pH haina mhedzisiro yakawanda paWQI. Pamusoro pezvo, Zviitiko 3 kusvika 6 zvinoratidza kushanda kwemuenzaniso maererano nenguva nemari nekuderedza huwandu hwezvinhu zvinoshanduka mumubatanidzwa wekupinda kwemuenzaniso (r > 0.6, NSE >0.5 (yakanaka), WI > 0.7 (yakanaka kwazvo)). Kana zvabatanidzwa, muenzaniso uyu uchavandudza zvikuru uye uchakurumidzisa kuita sarudzo dzinotungamirirwa nedata mukutarisira kunaka kwemvura, zvichiita kuti data rive nyore uye rive rinonakidza pasina kupindira kwevanhu.
1 Nhanganyaya
Izwi rekuti "kusvibiswa kwemvura" rinoreva kusvibiswa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emvura, kusanganisira mvura yepamusoro (makungwa, madhamu, nenzizi) nemvura yepasi pevhu. Chinhu chakakosha pakukura kwedambudziko iri ndechekuti kusvibiswa hakugadziriswi zvakakwana kusati kwaburitswa zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga mumvura. Kuchinja kwehunhu hwemvura kune simba guru kwete chete panharaunda yeMarine, asiwo pakuwanikwa kwemvura yakachena yekupa mvura yeruzhinji nekurima. Munyika dzichiri kusimukira, kukura kwehupfumi nekukurumidza kwakajairika, uye chirongwa chega chega chinokurudzira kukura uku chinogona kukuvadza nharaunda. Kuti zviwanikwa zvemvura zvigare kwenguva refu uye kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu nenharaunda zvirambe zviripo, kutarisa nekuongorora hunhu hwemvura kwakakosha. Water Quality Index, inozivikanwawo seWQI, inobva padata rehunhu hwemvura uye inoshandiswa kuona mamiriro aripo ehunhu hwemvura yerwizi. Pakuongorora mwero wekuchinja kwehunhu hwemvura, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinofanirwa kufungwa nezvazvo. WQI inhamba isina chero chiyero. Ine parameters chaiyo yehunhu hwemvura. WQI inopa nzira yekuronga hunhu hwemvura yekare neyazvino. Kukosha kweWQI kunogona kukanganisa sarudzo nezviito zvevanoita sarudzo. Pachikero che1 kusvika 100, kana indekisi yakakwira, hunhu hwemvura hunovandudzika. Kazhinji, hunhu hwemvura yenzvimbo dzerwizi dzine mamakisi e80 zvichikwira hunosangana nezvinodiwa zvenzizi dzakachena. Kukosha kweWQI kuri pasi pe40 kunoonekwa sekunge kwakasviba, nepo kukosha kweWQI kuri pakati pe40 ne80 kuchiratidza kuti hunhu hwemvura hwakasvibiswa zvishoma.
Kazhinji, kuverenga WQI kunoda shanduko dze subindex dzakareba, dzakaoma, uye dzinokanganisa. Kune kudyidzana kwakaoma kusina kurongeka pakati peWQI nedzimwe parameter dzemhando yemvura. Kuverenga WQI kunogona kuoma uye kutora nguva yakareba nekuti WQI dzakasiyana dzinoshandisa mafomula akasiyana, izvo zvinogona kukonzera zvikanganiso. Dambudziko guru nderekuti hazvigoneke kuverenga fomura yeWQI kana imwe kana kupfuura parameter dzemhando yemvura dzisipo. Pamusoro pezvo, mimwe mitemo inoda nzira dzinotora nguva uye dzakakwana dzekuunganidza sampuro dzinofanira kuitwa nenyanzvi dzakadzidziswa kuti dzive nechokwadi chekuongorora kwakarurama kwesamples uye kuratidzwa kwemhedzisiro. Pasinei nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji nemidziyo, kutarisa kwakawanda kwemhando yemvura yerwizi kwenguva pfupi uye munzvimbo kwakakanganiswa nemitengo yakakwira yekushanda nekutarisira.
Kukurukurirana uku kunoratidza kuti hapana nzira yepasi rose yeWQI. Izvi zvinomutsa kudiwa kwekugadzira dzimwe nzira dzekuverenga WQI nenzira inoshanda uye yakarurama. Kuvandudzwa kwakadaro kunogona kubatsira kune vatariri vezviwanikwa zvezvakatipoteredza kuti vatarise uye vaongorore hunhu hwemvura yerwizi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, vamwe vaongorori vakabudirira kushandisa AI kufanotaura WQI; Ai-based machine learning modeling inodzivirira kuverenga sub-index uye inokurumidza kugadzira mhedzisiro yeWQI. Ai-based machine learning algorithms iri kuwana mukurumbira nekuda kwemaitiro ayo asina kurongeka, kugona kufanotaura zviitiko zvakaoma, kugona kubata data hombe kusanganisira data rehukuru hwakasiyana, uye kusanzwa data risina kukwana. Simba ravo rekufanotaura rinoenderana zvachose nenzira uye kururama kwekuunganidza nekugadzira data.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-21-2024