MuItaly, nyika inofarirwa nezuva uye ine nhoroondo yakawanda, kurima kwemiti hakusi kungori hunyanzvi hwekurima chete asi kutaurirana kwakadzama ne "terroir". Mazuva ano, kusagadzikana kwemwaka, mamiriro ekunze akanyanya uye kumanikidzwa kwemvura kunokonzereswa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze zviri kukanganisa chinyararire chiyero ichi chechisikigo chave chichipfuudzwa kwezviuru zvemakore. Sisitimu yekutarisa mamiriro ekunze epamusoro-soro yeHONDE, yakagadzirwa zvine hungwaru yeminda yemizambiringa yepamusoro, ine ruzivo rwayo rwe "nguva" uye "nzvimbo", yashanduka kuva nzvimbo yemazuva ano yevatengesi vewaini vekuItaly mukutsvaga kwavo kugona uku vachitevedzera tsika. Inoshandura nesainzi kodhi yemamiriro ekunze yakasiyana yechikamu chimwe nechimwe chevhu kuita dombo guru rekuwana mhando yakagadzikana uye kunaka kwakadzama.
I. Kana nzvimbo yekare ikasangana nekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze emazuva ano
Kubudirira kwekurima mazambiringa ekuItaly kwakadzika midzi mukuchinja-chinja kwemamiriro ekunze uye mhando dzakasiyana dzemazambiringa. Kubva kumakomo ePiedmont ane mhute kusvika kumapani eTuscany ane chiedza chezuva, kubva kuvhu rinopisa reSicily kusvika kumapani anotonhorera eVeneto, mweya we "terroir" yega yega imhando yakasiyana yezvinhu zvemamiriro ekunze. Mazuva ano, matambudziko ari kuwedzera kuoneka:
Kuchinja kwekufamba kwemvura: Mvura yakawanda muchirimo uye kusanaya kwemvura kwenguva refu muzhizha zvinobatana, zvichiwedzera njodzi yezvirwere uye kuoma kwekutarisira kudiridza.
Kukanganiswa kwemamiriro ekunze akaipisisa: chando chinotonhora, chimvuramabwe nemafungu ekupisa zviri kuwanda uye zvakanyanya, zvichityisidzira kuchengetedzeka kwemizambiringa panguva yekukura kwayo kwakakosha.
Kudzora kwakanyatsonaka nguva yekukura: Kuchinja-chinja kwetembiricha panguva yekukura kunokanganisa kurongeka kwekuibva kweshuga, acidity uye phenolic, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuziva nguva yakanakisisa yekukohwa.
Nzira yaHONDE: Kudhirowa "Mufananidzo weMamiriro ekunze" eMinda yeMinda yemizambiringa yakasarudzika
Sisitimu yeHONDE yadarika nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzechinyakare. Inetwork yekuona mamiriro ekunze akapararira yakarukwa panzvimbo dzakakosha mumunda wemizambiringa, dzakadai sepamusoro pegomo, pakati pegomo, uye pasi pemupata. Nzvimbo yega yega inobatwa nguva dzose uye nemazvo:
Tembiricha yemhepo nehunyoro: Tarisa denderedzwa remvura rinogona kukonzera chando, pamwe chete nepfungwa huru inokonzera grey mold uye downy mildew - nguva yehunyoro hwepamusoro pemashizha.
Kumhanya kwemhepo uye kwainoenda: Ongorora kukanganiswa kwenzira dzinoyerera mhepo inotonhora nemhepo yakaoma, uye ipa gwara rakarurama rekuchengetedza zvirimwa.
Hunyoro nekupisa kwevhu: Kunzwisisa zvakananga mamiriro ekumanikidzwa kwemvura pamudzi wevhu kunoita kuti pave nehwaro hwekushandisa nzira yekudiridza nemazvo.
Mwaranzi yezuva: Kuyera mwaranzi inoshanda ne photosynthesis kuti vaongorore nesainzi kuti kuunganidzwa kwesimba rechiedza kunoumba sei kunaka kwemazambiringa.
Mvura uye hunyoro pamusoro pemashizha: Yera mvura nemazvo uye tevedzera hunyoro chaihwo hwepamusoro pemashizha.
III. Hunhu Hwakakosha: Kubva kuNhaka Yakavakirwa paZviitiko kusvika kuKuwedzera kweAgronomy kunotungamirirwa neData
1. Yambiro yenjodzi uye dziviriro yekuchenjera
Mhinduro chaiyo yekutonhora kwechando munguva pfupi: Sisitimu iyi inoona kusiyana kwekupisa kudiki pakukwirira kwakasiyana mukati mepaki munguva chaiyo. Kana tembiricha iri pedyo nepasi yaonekwa kuti yava kuda kuoma nechando uye mamiriro ekunze akadzikama uye akagadzikana, yambiro inotumirwa kuvatungamiriri vewaini, zvichivabvumira kukurumidza kutanga mafeni, kubatidza sisitimu yekusvuta kana kumutsa ma sprinkler kuchengetedza maruva anokosha. Munharaunda yeBarolo yePiedmont, nzira iyi yakabatsira dzimba dzakawanda dzepamusoro kuderedza njodzi yekuderedzwa kwekugadzirwa nekuda kwechando chemuchirimo neinenge 70%.
Nyevero yekutanga yenjodzi yechimvuramabwe: Pamwe chete neradar yemamiriro ekunze yedunhu, shanduko yakangoerekana yaitika mukumanikidzwa kwemhepo nekupisa panzvimbo dzekutarisa zvinogona kushanda sezviratidzo zvenyevero yenguva pfupi, zvichitora nguva yakakosha yekushanda kwemambure ekudzivirira chimvuramabwe nenguva.
2. Kudiridza nemazvo uye kutarisirwa kwehunyanzvi kwezviwanikwa zvemvura
Kudzora zvine hungwaru zvichibva pakushushikana: Nekugara uchitarisa kugona kwemvura muvhu, sisitimu iyi inogona kuita zvesainzi kugadzirisa "kushushikana kwemvura" panguva dzakakosha dzakadai sekuchinja kweruvara rwemazambiringa. Kudzora mvura zvine mwero mukati menguva chaiyo kwakaratidzwa kuti kunobatsira zvikuru kuwedzera anthocyanins uye tannins muganda remuchero, nokudaro zvichiwedzera ruvara rwewaini, zvichivandudza chimiro chayo uye kugona kwayo kukwegura. Kana ichienzaniswa nenzira dzechinyakare, inogona kuchengetedza mvura ne30-40% uye kuwedzera zvakanyanya kunaka kwemuchero panguva imwe chete.
Kuchengetedzwa kwakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo: Mumunda mumwe chete wemizambiringa, zvinodiwa zvekubuda kwemvura mumateru nemateru zvakasiyana zvikuru. Ruzivo rwekutarisa rwakapararira runotsigira kugadzirwa kwemamepu emishonga yekudiridza akasiyana-siyana, zvichiita kuti zviwanikwa zvemvura zvigoverwe zvakanatswa uye zvakasarudzwa nemunhu.
3. Kufanotaura Zvirwere uye Maitiro Matsva Ekudzivirira Miti Yakasvibirira
Kushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene nenzira chaiyo inotungamirwa nemuenzaniso: Sisitimu iyi inoramba ichiverenga mamiriro ekunze anokonzera zvirwere zvikuru (senge downy mildew ne powdery mildew) - tembiricha, hunyoro uye nguva yehunyoro hwemashizha. Kana nharaunda yasvika padanho re "njodzi" yekupararira kwezvirwere, sisitimu iyi inopa yambiro yekutanga, ichitungamira winery kuti iite kupindira kwakanyatsojeka nedoro shoma panguva inoshanda uye inodiwa yekudzivirira nekudzora. Danho iri rakaderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwemishonga yemakemikari (mamwe wineries anoti aderedzwa ne25-50%), uye inobatsira zvikuru mukuita nzira dzekurima dzeorganic ne biodynamic.
4. "Mutemo weGoridhe" weKusarudza Goho Rakanakisisa
Kukohwa ndicho chisarudzo chikuru chinopfupisa terroir yegore. Sisitimu yeHONDE inopa kuchengetedzwa kwemamiriro ekunze kwakazara (tembiricha yakaunganidzwa, musiyano wekupisa kwezuva nezuva, nhoroondo yemvura) munguva yese yekuibva. Vagadziri vewaini vanogona kubatanidza data iri nekuongororwa kwemuviri nemakemikari kwemichero (huwandu hweshuga, acidity, pH value, polyphenol maturation) kuti vaone zvakanyanya nguva chaiyo apo zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinonaka zvinosvika pakuwirirana, nokudaro vachisarudza zuva rakakwana rekukohwa uye vachiona kuti mazambiringa ese azadzwa nekuenzana kwechisikigo uye kugona kuravira.
Iv. Kubatanidzwa kweData uye Kuwedzera Kukosha: Bhiriji Rakangwara kubva Kumaruwa kuenda kuVinivha
Iyo HONDE Smart Platform haingogumiri pakupa ruzivo chete asiwo yakatsaurirwa pakuongorora kwakadzama uye kugadzira ruzivo.
Dhijitari Yekare: Kugadzira dhatabhesi yakazara ye microclimate yemhando yega yega yekare uye kuibatanidza nerekodhi yekupedzisira yekuravira waini kunobatsira vagadziri vewaini kunzwisisa zvakadzama kuti mamiriro ekunze anoumba sei maitiro ekare akasiyana.
Kuongorora kwakadzama kwenzvimbo dzinogona kubikwa: Ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa kwenguva refu runogona kuratidza musiyano wemamiriro ekunze uri pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana mumunda wemizambiringa, zvichipa hwaro hwakasimba hwesainzi hwekuvandudza mizambiringa mune ramangwana, kusarudzwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana, uye kunyange kugadzirwa kwewaini dzakanaka dze "munda wemizambiringa mumwe chete" dzinoratidza hunhu hwemunda wega wega.
Chinhu chikuru chinotsigira chitupa chinogara kwenguva refu: Mabasa ekurima akanyorwa nemazvo uye nzira dzekuchengetedza nharaunda dzakavaka hwaro hwakasimba uye hwakavimbika hwedata rekuti mawineries anyore uye awane zvitupa zvine mvumo zvakaita sekuvandudzwa kwezvirimwa, kusimudzira nharaunda kana kusapindira kwecarbon.
V. Kusimbiswa Kunoshanda
Munzvimbo yewaini muItaly, sisitimu yeHONDE yakaiswa muminda yemizambiringa yakasiyana-siyana yakatarisana nemativi akasiyana. Kuongororwa kwedata kunoratidza zvinhu zvinoshamisa:
Mumunda wakatarisa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero, tembiricha chaiyo yemasikati yaive yakakwira ne3°C kupfuura zvaifungidzirwa kare, uye simba reivhu rekuchengeta mvura raive risina kusimba.
Imwe nzvimbo yakatarisana nekuchamhembe ine nguva yakareba yekutonhora uye hunyoro hwemhepo hwakanyanya.
Zvichibva paruzivo urwu, fekitari yewaini yakaunza muripo chaiwo wekudiridza madonhwe emunda wekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero uye yakagadzirisa manejimendi edenga kuti ipe mumvuri uri pakati nepakati. Kune minda inoenda kuchamhembe, kusimbiswa kuri pakusimbisa mhepo inofema uye kutarisa zvirwere. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kukura kwemazambiringa muminda yese kwakasvika padanho risati ramboonekwa rekuwirirana uye kuenzana. Mukuru wevanogadzira waini akagomera achiti, "Kare, taivimba nepfungwa neruzivo rwakapfuudzwa nezvizvarwa kuti titarisire minda iyi." Nhasi, sisitimu yeHONDE inosimbisa uye inosimudzira maonero edu nedata, ichitoburitsa zvakavanzika izvozvo zvakavanzika. Yakatibatsira kugadzira waini inogona kunyatsoburitsa "inzwi remwoyo" renzvimbo yega yega, nekuoma kwezvikamu zvayo uye kuchena kwekunaka kwayo zvichisvika munzvimbo itsva.
Mhedziso
MuItaly, chakavanzika chekubika waini dzakanaka dzisingaperi chakadzika midzi mukuremekedza kukuru uye kutaurirana nezvisikwa. Sisitimu yekutarisa mamiriro ekunze eHONDE, ine hunhu hwakarurama uye hunyoro, inobatanidzwa muminda yemizambiringa yekare, ichishandura mweya wedenga, kurira kwenyika uye "kunong'ona" kwemizambiringa kuita mitsetse yakajeka yenhetembo dzedata. Izvi hazvitsivi uchenjeri hwemakore zana uye njere dzakasimba dzenyanzvi dzezvekurima, asi zvinovapa "maziso anonzwisisa anogona kuona kuburikidza neruzivo rwakanyanya" uye "kuona mberi kunogona kufanotaura kuchinja kwenguva". Muchirevo chenhoroondo yenguva yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, inopa mawineries eItaly zvishandiso zvinoshamisa zvekuchengetedza tsika nesainzi uye kunatsa hunyanzvi nedata. Kubva kumakomo eAlps kusvika kumahombekombe eGungwa reMediterranean, HONDE iri kufambisa indasitiri yewaini yeItaly kuenda kune ramangwana rakasimba, rinogara kwenguva refu uye rinonakidza uku ichinamatira kumweya wenzvimbo.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze, ndapota taura neHonde Technology Co., LTD.
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Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-23-2025