Mukushandura kurima kweSoutheast Asia kubva pakutarisira kwakawanda kuenda kurima kwakanyatsorongwa nedata, dambudziko guru rekuziva riri pakuti kutarisa ivhu kwechinyakare kunowanzo mira pamusoro (10-20 centimeters), uye hapana ruzivo rwakawanda nezvezvinhu zvikuru zvinosarudza kuramba kusanaya kwemvura, kushanda zvakanaka kwekudya kunovaka muviri uye hutano hwemidzi yezvirimwa - kufamba kwakatwasuka uye kupararira kwehunyoro hwevhu. Kutenderera kwemvura nekubuda kwemvura zvakanyanya, magadzirirwo akasiyana-siyana evhu uye kurimwa kwakawanda kwezvirimwa zvakadzika midzi munzvimbo dzinopisa kunoita kuti kuchinja kwemvura muvhu kuve kwakaoma zvikuru. Sisitimu yekutarisa tembiricha yevhu ine tubular yakawanda (3 kusvika 9 layers) yeHONDE iri kupa varimi vekuSoutheast Asia "mepu yeCT yehunyoro" kubva pamusoro kuenda kunzvimbo yakadzika midzi ine kugona kwayo kwekuona kudzika, ichishandura maitiro akavanzika enyika yepasi pevhu kuita uchenjeri chaihwo hwekurima hunogona kutamiswa.
I. Matambudziko Makuru Ekurima Kwemunzvimbo Dzinopisa: Sei "Maonero Echikamu" Achidikanwa?
Kugara kwenguva refu uye kushandiswa zvakanaka kwemvura mukurima muSoutheast Asia kwakatarisana nematambudziko akasiyana emvura yevhu:
Kuchinjana kwakanyanya kwemamiriro ekunze akaoma uye akanyorova: Mushure mekunaya kwemvura yakawanda, mvura inokurumidza kudzika pasi, uye munguva yekusanaya kwemvura, mvura yakadzika inozadzazve kumusoro. Masensa echinyakare e-single-point haakwanise kutevera maitiro aya ekufamba akamira.
Zvinodiwa pakutarisira zvirimwa zvakadzika midzi: Miti yekurima yakaita semuchindwe wemafuta, rabha, mango, nekofi ine midzi inonwisa mvura inogona kusvika pakadzika kwemita imwe chete kana kutosvika mamita maviri. Kutarisa pamusoro pevhu chete kunogona kukonzera kusiyana kukuru musarudzo dzekudiridza.
Kusiyana kwakasimba kwevhu: Munzvimbo imwe chete, magadzirirwo evhu pakadzika kwakasiyana (senge ivhu rejecha nevhu revhu) anosiyana zvikuru, zvichikonzera shanduko dzakaoma mukupinda kwemvura uye kugona kwayo kuchengetedza mvura munzira yakatwasuka.
Kubuda kwemvura uye njodzi yemunyu: Kudiridza zvakanyanya kunotungamira mukubuda kwemvura nezvinovaka muviri zvakadzika, pamwe nekuwedzera kwemunyu munzvimbo dzakaoma dzine mvura yemutsinga, zvese izvi zvinoitika muvhu.
Saka, kuziva ruzivo rwekuchinja kwemvura nekudzika kwayo pane ruzivo rwezvinhu zvishoma zvakasiyana chinhu chinodiwa kuti uwane nzira yekuongorora mvura nefetereza nesainzi, kudzivirira kusanaya kwemvura uye kuchengetedza hunyoro, uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Ii. Kubudirira Kwetekinoroji: Honde Multi-Layer Tubular Profile Monitoring System
Sisitimu iyi inoshandisa dhizaini itsva ye "one tube, multiple layers", ichibatanidza mayuniti akawanda ekuona zvinhu nemazvo mukati me probe tube yakasimba yakaiswa zvachose kuti iwane kutarisa kwe vertical profile kusingaparadze, kuri mukati mechinhu, uye kwenguva refu.
Kugadzirisa kwakadzama uye kugadzirisa kunochinjika: Vashandisi vanogona kusarudza zviri nyore kutarisa magadzirirwo e3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 kana kunyange mapfumbamwe * zvichibva pahudzamu hukuru hwekupararira kwemidzi yechirimwa chakatarwa, hunhu hwevhu uye zvinodiwa pakutsvagisa. Magadzirirwo akajairika anosanganisira: 10cm, 30cm, 50cm, 70cm, 100cm, kana kuti akanyanya kukora nechikamu chimwe chete pa10/15 cm yega yega.
Kutarisa mamiriro emvura muvhu nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana: Kuwanda kwemvura muvhu uye tembiricha yevhu zvinoyerwa panguva imwe chete padanho rega rega. Mamwe mamodheru epamusoro anogona kuwedzerwa kuti aone kufambiswa kwemvura (munyu), zvichiita kuti mvura, kupisa nemunyu zvive nemativi matatu.
Dhizaini yetubhuru uye kugadzikana kwenguva refu: Chishandiso chesensor chinoiswa mukati mechubhu inodzivirira uye chinoyera ivhu kuburikidza nekubatanidza zvisina kunanga, kudzivirira kukuvara kana kusuduruka kunokonzerwa nekupwanyika kwevhu, kuwedzera kana kurima mumasensor echinyakare akabatanidzwa. Kugadzikana kwenguva refu kwedata kwakanaka kwazvo.
Kubatanidzwa kweInternet of Things uye kuona data: Data rinotumirwa kugore kuburikidza netekinoroji isina waya ine simba shoma (LoRaWAN/4G). Puratifomu iyi inogona kuratidza panguva chaiyo mepu yemufananidzo kana mepu yehunyoro nekupisa kwevhu, ichiratidza kufamba kwemvura iri pamberi, shanduko muchikamu chekunwa kwemvura mumidzi uye temperature gradient.
III. Kushandiswa Kwakadzama Munzvimbo Dzakasiyana-siyana Dzekurima muSoutheast Asia
Kudiridza nemazvo uye kutarisira mvura nefetereza zvakanaka pakurima masango ane hupfumi kwenguva refu
Mashandisirwo: Muminda yemichindwe, rabha, uye minda yemichero, isai kusvika pakadzika kwemamita 1.5 kusvika 2 kuti muone kana midzi yavo yakadzika iri kushandiswa.
Kukosha
Sarudza hudzamu uye huwandu hwekudiridza: Iva nechokwadi chekuti mvura yekudiridza inogona kunyorovesa midzi mikuru inoshanda (senge 40-80 centimeters), pane kungoramba iri pamusoro pevhu. Dzivisa midzi inoyangarara uye kudzikira kwekusanaya kwemvura kunokonzerwa nekudiridza kushoma.
Kuongorora matura evhu akadzika: Munguva yekusanaya kwemvura, nzwisisa zvakajeka kugona kwevhu rakadzika kuchengetedza mvura kuti uone kana zvirimwa zvichigona kushandisa mvura yakadzika, nokudaro zvichinonotsa kana kuderedza kudiridza uye kuchengetedza mvura inokosha.
Gadzirisa nzvimbo yekuberekesa: Isa mvura nefetereza pakadzika pemudzi mukuru unotora mvura kuti ushandise zvakanyanya uye uderedze kurasikirwa nekubuda kwemvura.
2. Kutsvaga nekutarisira Kufamba kwemvura muRice neDryland Rotation Systems
Mashandisirwo: Muminda yekutenderera mupunga nevhu rakaoma (senge chibage), inoshandiswa kutarisa maitiro ese ekupinda kwemvura munguva yemafashamo, kudzokera shure kwemvura mushure mekunge mvura yaoma, uye kushandiswa kwemvura munguva yevhu rakaoma.
Kukosha: Kuongorora nesainzi huwandu hwemvura inoyerera muminda yemupunga, zvichipa hwaro hwekudiridza mvura inochengetedza mvura uye kudzivirira kubuda kwezvinovaka muviri zvakadzika; Kusarudza mamiriro ehunyoro hwevhu kuti ritungamirire nguva yekudyara zvirimwa munzvimbo dzisina mvura.
3. Kuvandudza midzi yezvirimwa mukurima kwezvirimwa nemiriwo inokosha zvikuru
Mashandisirwo: Mumagreenhouse kana mumashedhi, kune zvirimwa zvakaita sematomatisi nemagaka, jira rekutarisa rakakora (senge jira rimwe chete pamasendimita gumi nemashanu ega ega) rinofanira kugadzirwa.
Kukosha: Dzora hunyoro nemazvo munzvimbo ine midzi kuti nzvimbo dzemunharaunda dzisanyanya kuoma kana kunyorova. Nekuongorora mashandiro emidzi pakadzika kwakasiyana, kukwirira kwemukwidza uye kudzika kwetepi yekudiridza madonhwe zvakagadziriswa.
4. Tsvagiridzo pamusoro pekugadziriswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengetedzwa kwevhu nemvura
Mashandisirwo: Tarisa hunyoro hwevhu pakadzika kwakasiyana-siyana mumagadheni etii ane materu, nzvimbo dzinokurumidza kukukurwa kana uko kunodiwa kugadzirisa zvirimwa.
Kukosha: Ongorora kugona kwemiti kushandisa mvura yevhu pakadzika kwakasiyana, dzidza hukama huripo pakati pekupinda kwemvura inonaya uye mvura inoyerera pamusoro, uye tsigira data rekuchengetedza ivhu nemvura.
5. Kugadzirisa dambudziko rekusanaya kwemvura uye kugadziriswa kwemamiriro ekunze
Mashandisirwo: Gadzira network yekuongorora hunyoro hwevhu munharaunda.
Kukosha: Ipa yambiro pamusoro pekusanaya kwemvura kune madhipatimendi ehurumende ezvekurima nevarimi, tungamirai pakudiridza nekugadzika kwezvirimwa zvinodzivirira kusanaya kwemvura, uye kusimudzira kusimba kwemamiriro ekunze kwekurima.
Iv. Hunhu Hwakakosha: Kubva pa "Kufungidzira Kwepfungwa" kusvika pa "Kunzwisisa Kwechikamu"
Sarudzo dzesainzi pamusoro pekudiridza: Kuchinja kubva pa "kudiridza ivhu" kuenda pa "kudiridza midzi yezvirimwa", kuwana mvura chaiyo zvichienderana nekudzika, kunogona kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura yekudiridza ne25-40%.
Kuvandudzwa kwehutano hwezvirimwa uye kuramba kushushikana: Kukurudzira kukura kwemidzi yakadzika uye kuwedzera kugona kwezvirimwa kutsungirira kusanaya kwemvura mwaka.
Deredza kukanganisa kwakaipa kwezvakatipoteredza: Nekudzora mvura kuti isanyungudike pasi pemidzi, njodzi yekusvibiswa kwemvura yepasi pevhu kunokonzerwa nefetereza nemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene inogona kuderedzwa zvinobudirira.
Data rine kukosha kukuru rekugadzira nekutsvaga sainzi: Data renguva refu rakaunganidzwa ivhu risingatsiviwi uye rinokosha pakugadzirisa mhando dzekurima, kurima mhando dzinotsungirira kusanaya kwemvura, uye kuita tsvakurudzo yesainzi pakurima kwakanyatsonaka.
V. Nyaya Yekufungidzira: Kudiridza Mafuta Mumapurazi Emichindwe Akawanda
Imwe nzvimbo yakakura yekurima michindwe yemafuta muMalaysia yakaisa sisitimu yekutarisa michindwe ine nhurikidzwa 7 yeHONDE (kusvika pakadzika kwemamita 1.6) mune mamwe mabhuroko. Kuongororwa kwedata kunoratidza:
Mushure mekudiridza pachishandiswa nzira yekupfapfaidza pamusoro pevhu, mvura yakawanda inosara pamusoro pevhu ine 0-30 cm, nepo midzi mikuru yemuti wemuchindwe (40-100 cm) inongowana mvura shoma chete.
2. Munguva yekusanaya kwemvura, ivhu rakadzika pasi pemita imwe richiri nemvura yakawanda, asi harisati rashandiswa zvizere.
Zvichibva pane izvi, vakagadzirisa nzira yekudiridza kuti iite yekudiridza yakadzika zvishoma nezvishoma uye vakaiwedzera nekufukidza ivhu kuti ideredze kupwa kwemvura pamusoro. Mushure mekugadziriswa uku, pasinei nekudzikira kwe30% kwekushandiswa kwemvura yekudiridza, goho remashizha emafuta emichindwe akura rakaramba rakagadzikana, uye nekuda kwemidzi yemiti ine hutano, kukwanisa kwayo kuchinjika mwaka wekusanaya kwemvura kwakawedzera zvakanyanya.
Mhedziso
Munzira yekutsvaga zvinangwa zvitatu zvegoho, mhando uye kuchengetedzeka kwezviwanikwa mukurima kweSoutheast Asia, kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwezvakatipoteredza zvepasi pevhu kwave chinhu chitsva chinokwikwidzana. Sisitimu yekutarisa hunyoro hwevhu hweHONDE ine layer tubular, senge "probe yakangwara" yakaiswa mukati mevhu, inobvumira varimi nevatungamiriri kuti varambe vachiona rwendo rwakatwasuka uye kugara kwemvura muvhu kekutanga. Yakagumisa kuita sarudzo dzakadzikama zvichibva pane zvinoitika pamusoro uye yakaunza nguva yekutarisira kwakadzama uye kwakarurama zvichibva pane zvinodiwa chaizvo zvemidzi. Izvi hazvisi kungovandudza tekinoroji yekutarisa chete, asiwo shanduko huru yekurima kwetropical kubva pakutarisira "pamusoro pepamusoro" kuenda pakutarisira ecosystem yese "pasi pepamusoro". Nekuunganidzwa kwedata kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi uye kubatanidzwa kwemamodheru ekuongorora eAI, aya madhata eruzivo rwevhu achava zvivakwa zvedhijitari zvinotungamira kurima kweSoutheast Asia kuti zvipindure pakuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuwana mvura nekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu.
Nezve HONDE: Semutungamiri muInternet yezvekurima yeZvinhu uye mhinduro dzevhu dzedhijitari, HONDE yakazvipira kuburitsa nekusimbisa maitiro asingaoneki mukugadzirwa kwekurima kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwekuona. Tine kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwekuoma kwekurima kwenzvimbo dzinopisa uye takazvipira kupa vatengi rutsigiro rwekusarudza data rinofukidza hupenyu hwese hwezvirimwa kuburikidza nemhinduro dzekutarisa dzese kubva panzvimbo imwe kusvika kuzvikamu uye kubva pamusoro kusvika kuzvikamu zvakadzika. Murwendo rwekuvhura kugona kwenyika yeSoutheast Asia, HONDE inoda kugovera data rakadzama newe kuti ubate remangwana rekurima kwakarurama.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve sensor yevhu, ndapota taura neHonde Technology Co., LTD.
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