South America ine mamiriro ekunze akasiyana-siyana uye mamiriro enzvimbo, kubva kuAmazon rainforest kusvika kuAndes Mountains kusvika kuPampas yakakura. Maindasitiri akadai sekurima, simba, uye kutakura zvinhu ari kuramba achivimba nedata remamiriro ekunze. Sechishandiso chikuru chekuunganidza data remamiriro ekunze, nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dziri kushandiswa zvakanyanya muSouth America. Nekutarisa mamiriro ekunze panguva chaiyo senge tembiricha, mvura, kumhanya kwemhepo, uye hunyoro, nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzinopa rutsigiro rwakakosha mukugadzirwa kwekurima, yambiro yenjodzi, manejimendi ezviwanikwa zvemvura, nedzimwe nzvimbo.
1. Mabasa uye zvakanakira zviteshi zvemamiriro ekunze
Nzvimbo yemamiriro ekunze mudziyo unoshandiswa kutarisa nekunyora ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze, kazhinji zvinosanganisira mabasa anotevera:
Kutarisa zvinhu zvakawanda: Inogona kutarisa zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita sekupisa, kunaya kwemvura, kumhanya kwemhepo, kutungamira kwemhepo, hunyoro, kumanikidzwa kwemhepo, uye mwaranzi yezuva munguva chaiyo.
Kurekodha uye kutumira data: Nzvimbo yekuongorora mamiriro ekunze inogona kunyora data otomatiki uye kutumira data kune database yepakati kana platform yegore kuburikidza netiweki isina waya kuti zvive nyore kuongorora uye kugovera data.
Kunyatsorongeka uye panguva chaiyo: Zviteshi zvemazuva ano zvemamiriro ekunze zvinoshandisa masensa anonyatsorongeka kuti zvipe ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze rwakarurama uye rwakarurama panguva chaiyo.
Kutarisa uri kure: Kuburikidza neInternet, vashandisi vanogona kuwana data renzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze vari kure kuti vaongorore nguva chaiyo uye vayambire.
Kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze muSouth America kune zvakanakira zvinotevera:
Tsigira kurima kwakanyatsorongeka: ipai varimi ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze rwakarurama kuti vabatsire kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvekudyara nekudiridza.
Yambiro yenjodzi: kutarisa zviitiko zvemamiriro ekunze akaipisisa panguva chaiyo senge mvura yakawanda, kusanaya kwemvura, madutu, nezvimwewo, kupa hwaro hwekudzivirira njodzi uye kupindura nekukurumidza.
Kutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura: tarisa kunaya kwemvura uye kupwa kwemvura, tsigira kutarisirwa kwemadziva emvura uye kuronga nguva yekudiridza.
Tsvagiridzo yesainzi: inopa ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze rwenguva refu uye runogara ruchienderera mberi rwekutsvaga mamiriro ekunze nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.
2. Nyaya dzekushandisa muSouth America
2.1 Ruzivo rwekushandisa
Mamiriro ekunze muSouth America akaoma uye akasiyana-siyana, uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzinowanzo kanganiswa nemamiriro ekunze akaipisisa, akadai semvura yakawanda muAmazon, chando muAndes, uye kusanaya kwemvura muPampas. Kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze kunopa rutsigiro rwakakosha rwedata remamiriro ekunze kumatunhu aya, zvichibatsira maindasitiri akadai sekurima, simba, uye kutakura kuti vagadzirise matambudziko ekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
2.2 Nyaya dzekushandisa zvakananga
Nyaya 1: Kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze mukurima kwakanyatsonaka muBrazil
Brazil inyika inotengesera zvigadzirwa zvekurima kunze kwenyika, uye kurima kunonyanya kuvimba nedata rezvemamiriro ekunze. MuMato Grosso, Brazil, varimi vesoya nechibage vakawana manejimendi ekurima akarurama nekuisa nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze. Mashandisirwo chaiwo ndeaya anotevera:
Nzira yekuisa zvinhu: Isa nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze dzinozviitira dzoga mumapurazi, uye chiteshi chimwe chete chinoiswa pamakiromita gumi ega ega.
Zviyero zvekutarisa: tembiricha, kunaya kwemvura, hunyoro, kumhanya kwemhepo, mwaranzi yezuva, nezvimwewo.
Mhedzisiro yekushandisa:
Varimi vanogona kugadzirisa nguva yekudyara nekudiridza zvichibva padata remamiriro ekunze panguva chaiyo kuti vaderedze marara emvura.
Nekufanotaura mvura ichanaya uye kusanaya kwemvura, gadzirisa zvirongwa zvekuisa fetereza uye zvekudzivirira zvipembenene kuti goho riwedzere.
Muna 2020, kurimwa kwesoya muMato Grosso kwakawedzera ne12% nekuda kwekushandiswa kwedata rezvemamiriro ekunze rakarurama.
Nyaya yechipiri: Network yezviteshi zvemamiriro ekunze muPeruvian Andes
Nzvimbo yeAndes yePeru inzvimbo yakakosha yekudyara mbatatisi nechibage, asi dunhu iri rine mamiriro ekunze anochinja-chinja, ane chando nekusanaya kwemvura kakawanda. Hurumende yePeru yakabatana nemasangano ekutsvagisa sainzi kuti vagadzire network yenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze muAndes kutsigira budiriro yekurima munharaunda. Mashandisirwo chaiwo ndeaya anotevera:
Nzira yekuisa zvinhu: Isa nzvimbo diki dzemamiriro ekunze munzvimbo dzakakwirira kuti dzisvike munzvimbo huru dzekurima.
Zviyero zvekutarisa: tembiricha, kunaya kwemvura, kumhanya kwemhepo, yambiro yechando, nezvimwewo.
Mhedzisiro yekushandisa:
Varimi vanogona kugamuchira yambiro dzechando dzinopihwa nenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze kuburikidza nenharembozha dzavo, kutora matanho ekudzivirira nenguva, uye kuderedza kurasikirwa nezvirimwa.
Ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze runobatsira kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvekudiridza uye kuderedza kukanganiswa kwekusanaya kwemvura pakurima.
Muna 2021, kurimwa kwembatatisi munzvimbo iyi kwakawedzera ne15% nekuda kwekushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze.
Nyaya 3: Kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze muPampas yeArgentina
Pampas yekuArgentina inzvimbo yakakosha yekurima zvipfuyo nezviyo muSouth America, asi dunhu iri rinowanzo kanganiswa nekusanaya kwemvura nemafashamo. Argentine National Meteorological Service yakaisa nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuchengetedza mamiriro ekunze muPampas kutsigira kurima nekurima zvipfuyo. Mashandisirwo chaiwo ndeaya anotevera:
Nzira yekuisa zvinhu: Isa nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze dzinozviitira dzoga munzvimbo dzine uswa nemapurazi, uye chiteshi chimwe chete chinoiswa panzvimbo imwe neimwe yemakiromita makumi maviri emakiromita.
Zviyero zvekutarisa: kunaya kwemvura, tembiricha, hunyoro, kumhanya kwemhepo, kupwa kwemvura, nezvimwewo.
Mhedzisiro yekushandisa:
Varimi vemombe vanogona kugadzirisa hurongwa hwemafuro zvichibva padata rezvemamiriro ekunze kuti vadzivise kukuvara kwezvipfuyo kana mamiriro ekunze akaipisisa.
Varimi vanoshandisa ruzivo rwemvura kuti vagadzirise nguva yekudiridza nekudyara kuti vawedzere goho regorosi nechibage.
Muna 2022, goho rezviyo muPampas rakawedzera ne8% nekuda kwekushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze.
Nyaya 4: Kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzemvura munzvimbo dzewaini dzeChile
Chile inzvimbo inogadzira waini muSouth America, uye kurima mazambiringa kunonyanya kukanganiswa nemamiriro ekunze. Munzvimbo yepakati peChile, mawineries akakwanisa kugadzirisa kurima mazambiringa nekuisa nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza mamiriro ekunze. Mashandisirwo chaiwo ndeaya anotevera:
Nzira yekuisa zvirimwa: Isa nzvimbo dzinoshandiswa pakupisa kwemamiriro ekunze muminda yemizambiringa, nzvimbo imwe chete ichiiswa pamahekita mashanu ega ega.
Zviyero zvekutarisa: tembiricha, hunyoro, kunaya kwemvura, mwaranzi yezuva, yambiro yechando, nezvimwewo.
Mhedzisiro yekushandisa:
Makambani ekugadzira waini anogona kugadzirisa hurongwa hwekudiridza nekugadzira manyowa zvichibva padata remamiriro ekunze kuti awedzere kunaka kwemazambiringa.
Sisitimu yekuyambira nezvechando inobatsira makambani ekugadzira waini kutora matanho ekudzivirira mazambiringa kubva mukukuvadzwa nechando.
Muna 2021, goho rewaini uye mhando yayo muChile zvakavandudzika zvakanyanya nekuda kwekushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetedza mamiriro ekunze.
3. Mhedziso
Kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzezvemamiriro ekunze muSouth America kunopa rutsigiro rwakakosha rwedata rekurima, kurima mhuka, manejimendi ezviwanikwa zvemvura nedzimwe nzvimbo, zvichibatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko anokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Kuburikidza nekutarisa uye kuongorora data panguva chaiyo, nzvimbo dzezvemamiriro ekunze hadzingogadzirise chete kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa, asiwo dzinopa maturusi ane simba ekunyevera njodzi uye kutsvagisa kwesainzi. Mune ramangwana, nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye kusimudzirwa kwekushandiswa, mikana yekushandisa nzvimbo dzezvemamiriro ekunze muSouth America ichave yakakura.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-18-2025