Mukutsvaga goho rakakura uye kushanda zvakanaka mudzimba dzemazuva ano dzekurima, kutonga kwezvakatipoteredza kwakawedzera kubva pazvinhu zvikuru zvekupisa kwemhepo nehunyoro kusvika kumakona madiki emakonzo ezvirimwa uye kunyange mashizha. Mashizha, senhengo huru dzephotosynthesis, transpiration uye gasi exchange muzvirimwa, tembiricha, hunyoro uye micro-environment pamusoro pawo zvinokanganisa zvakananga mashandiro emuviri, mamiriro ekushushikana uye njodzi yekuitika kwezvirwere. Zvisinei, iyi key interface yagara yakaita se "black box". Kuunzwa kwemasensa ekupisa pamusoro pemashizha nehunyoro kwakawedzera zvakananga kusvika kwekutarisa pamusoro pezvirimwa, zvichipa ruzivo rwakajeka rwekutarisira greenhouse uye kutanga danho idzva kubva "kutarisira zvakatipoteredza" kusvika "kutarisira zvirimwa pachazvo".
I. Sei Uchifanira Kuteerera Mamiriro ekunze e "Mashizha Pamusoro"?
Data rekupisa nehunyoro hwemhepo yegreenhouse harigone kuratidza mamiriro chaiwo epamusoro pemashizha. Nekuda kwekufemerwa, kupfuudzwa kwekupisa nemwaranzi uye mhedzisiro yemuganhu, kazhinji pane musiyano mukuru pakati pekupisa kwepamusoro pemashizha nekupisa kwemhepo (kunogona kuva 2-8°C kuderera kana kutopfuura), uye nguva yekunyorova kwedova kana hunyoro pamusoro pemashizha chinhu chisingakwanise kumirirwa zvakananga nehunyoro hwemhepo. Iyi micro-environment inokosha kune maitiro akawanda:
Nzvimbo yekuberekera zvirwere: Kumera kwezvipembenene uye hutachiona hwezvirwere zvakawanda zvefungus nemabhakitiriya (zvakadai se downy mildew, gray mold, uye powdery mildew) zvinoenderana nenguva chaiyo yehunyoro hunoenderera mberi pamusoro pemashizha uye tembiricha.
"Vharuvhu" yekufemera: Kuvhurwa nekuvharwa kwemashizha emuti kunokonzerwa nekupisa kwemashizha uye musiyano wekumanikidzwa kwemvura pakati pemashizha nemhepo, zvichikanganisa zvakananga mashandisirwo emvura uye mwero wekugadzira photosynthesis.
Zviratidzo zvekushushikana kwemuviri: Kuwedzera kwetembiricha yemashizha kusingawanzoitiki kunogona kuva chiratidzo chekutanga chekumanikidzwa kwemvura, matambudziko emidzi kana chiedza chakawandisa.
Ii. Tekinoroji yeSensor: Kutevedzera "Ganda Rinonzwa" reMabanga
Chinoongorora tembiricha pamusoro pemashizha uye hunyoro hachina kuiswa zvakananga pamashizha chaiwo, asi chinhu chakagadzirwa zvakanaka chinogona kutevedzera hunhu hwemashizha hwekupisa nehunyoro.
Dhizaini yeBionic: Nzvimbo yayo yekunzwa inotevedzera mapanga chaiwo maererano nezvinhu, ruvara, kutsveyama Angle uye kugona kupisa, zvichiita kuti mhinduro yayo kumwaranzi, convection uye condensation ienderane nekukwirira kwemapanga chaiwo.
Kutarisa kwakafanana kwemaparamita maviri
Kupisa pamusoro pemashizha: Yera tembiricha chaiyo yepamusoro pemashizha akaedzwa kuti uratidze simba riri pakati pevhu rezvirimwa.
Hunyoro pamusoro pemashizha/mamiriro ehunyoro: Nekuyera shanduko mukusagadzikana kwemagetsi kana kuramba, sarudza nemazvo kana nzvimbo inoonekwa yakaoma, yakanyorova (ine dova kana mushure mekudiridza), kana kuti yakaguta, uye verenga nguva yehunyoro hwemashizha.
Haisi inoparadza uye inomiririra: Inodzivirira kukuvara kana kukanganiswa kunogona kukonzerwa nekusangana nemashizha chaiwo uye inogona kuiswa panzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kuti imiririre mamiriro ekunze akasiyana-siyana edenga.
Iii. Kushandiswa Kwechizvino-zvino muGreenhouses
"Muyero weGoridhe" wekufanotaura nekudzivirira zvirwere nemazvo
Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha ye sensor yepeji.
Maitiro Ekushanda: Gadzirisai mamodheru enguva yekupisa nehunyoro kuti muwane zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana (sekunge kunonoka kwematomatisi uye downy mildew yecucumber) muchigadzirwa. Sensor inoramba ichitarisa mamiriro chaiwo ekupisa nehunyoro pamusoro pemashizha.
Sarudzo: Kana mamiriro ekunze achiramba achisangana ne "hwindo rakakosha" rekutapukirwa nezvirwere, sisitimu yacho inongoerekana yazivisa yambiro yepamusoro-soro.
Kukosha
Shandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene kudzivirira: Itai zvese zvamunogona kuti mudzivise hutachiona hwebhakitiriya husati hwatanga kana kuti husati hwatanga, muchidzivirira chirwere ichi.
Deredza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene: Chinja modhi yemishonga inouraya zvipembenene nguva dzose kuti ishandiswe panguva yaunoda. Ruzivo rwekushanda runoratidza kuti inogona kuderedza kuwanda kwekupfapfaidza zvisina kufanira ne30% kusvika 50%, zvichideredza mitengo uye njodzi yezvipembenene zvinouraya zvipembenene.
Kutsigira kurimwa kwezvirimwa zvakasvibira: Ichi chishandiso chakakosha chehunyanzvi chekugadzirisa zvipembenene nezvirwere kubva muzvirimwa zvakasvibira kana kuti zvakasanganiswa.
2. Gadzirisa nzira dzekudzora zvakatipoteredza kudzivirira kushushikana kwemuviri
Kudzidzira: Kutarisa musiyano uripo pakati pekupisa kwemashizha nekupisa kwemhepo panguva chaiyo.
Sarudzo
Kana tembiricha yemashizha yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura tembiricha yemhepo uye ichiramba ichikwira, zvinogona kuratidza kusakwana kwekufemera (mvura inodzikamiswa nemidzi kana hunyoro hwakawanda zvichikonzera kuti stomata ivhare), uye zvakakosha kutarisa kudiridza kana kuwedzera mhepo inofema.
Munguva yehusiku hwechando, nekutarisa njodzi yekuoma kwemashizha pamusoro pemashizha, kupisa kunogona kudzorwa nemazvo kana kuti feni inofambisa mvura mukati inogona kubatidzwa kudzivirira nzvimbo yemashizha kuti isaonekwe, nokudaro zvichideredza njodzi yezvirwere.
Kukosha: Kudzora zvakananga nharaunda yegreenhouse zvichibva pakuita kwezvirimwa, zvichivandudza hutano hwezvirimwa uye mashandisirwo akanaka ezviwanikwa.
3. Gadzirirai nzira chaiyo yekudiridza, yekutarisira mvura nefetereza
Maitiro Ekushanda: Kana zvabatanidzwa neruzivo rwehunyoro hwevhu, tembiricha pamusoro pemashizha chiratidzo chakakosha chekuongorora kushaikwa kwemvura muzvirimwa.
Sarudzo: Masikati kana chiedza chezuva chakanyanya, kana tembiricha yemashizha ikakwira zvisina kujairika, zvinogona kuratidza kuti kunyangwe hunyoro hwevhu huchiri kugamuchirika, kudiwa kwekufema kwakapfuura simba remvura rinopihwa nemidzi. Zvakakosha kufunga nezvekudiridza kana kupfapfaidza kuti kutonhore.
Kukosha: Kuwana nzira yekutarisira mvura yakanyatsonaka uye kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwegoho uye kunaka kunokonzerwa nekushushikana kwakavanzika.
4. Kuongorora kushanda kwematanho ekurima
Maitiro Ekuita: Enzanisa shanduko dziri mu microclimate yemashizha ari pamusoro pedenga usati watanga uye wapedza kuita mabasa akasiyana ekurima (akadai sekugadzirisa nzvimbo yemitsara, kushandisa mavharo akasiyana, uye kuchinja nzira dzekufema).
Kukosha: Ongorora huwandu hwemhedzisiro chaiyo yezviyero izvi pakuvandudza kufefetera kwemhepo mumakomba ezvirimwa, kuderedza hunyoro, uye kuyera tembiricha, nekupa rutsigiro rwedata rekugadzirisa zvirongwa zvekurima.
Iv. Nzvimbo dzeKuisa: Tora chiratidzo chedenga chaicho
Kumiririrwa kwenzvimbo: Inofanira kuiswa panzvimbo inomiririra mukati memuti wezvirimwa, kazhinji pakakwirira pemashizha makuru anoshanda pakati pemuti, uye kudzivirira kudiridza zvakananga kwemvura.
Kutarisa nzvimbo dzakawanda: Mumagreenhouse makuru kana akawanda, nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinofanira kuiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana (pedyo nenzvimbo dzinofefetera mhepo, pakati, uye kumagumo) kuti vanzwisise kusiyana kwenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze.
Kuongororwa nekugadzirisa nguva dzose: Iva nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yekunzwa yakachena uye hunhu hwebanga rakaedzwa hahuna kuchinja kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti data racho richagara rakavimbika kwenguva refu.
V. Nyaya Yekufungidzira: Kutarisirwa kwe "Kusaitika Kwechirwere" muMadomasi kunotungamirirwa nedata
Imba yekurima madomasi ine tekinoroji yepamusoro muNetherlands yatanga nzira yekutarisa tembiricha pamusoro pemashizha uye hunyoro. Iyi nzira inobatanidza hutachiona hwe late blight mumadomasi. Mukugadzirwa kwemadomasi kwechirimo kwakajairika:
Sensor iyi yagara ichiona kuti hunyoro hwemashizha husiku hwasvika padanho renjodzi yechirwere, asi mamiriro ekupisa haasati anyatso wanikwa.
2. Panguva ye "nguva ine njodzi huru" chete apo mamiriro ekupisa nehunyoro akasangana katatu panguva imwe chete ndipo pakazopa yambiro yepamusoro yekushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene.
3. Varimi vakatora matanho chaiwo ekudzora zvirimwa mushure meyambiro nhatu dziri pamusoro apa.
Mumwaka wese wekurima, greenhouse yakabudirira kuwana "kusaonekwa" kwechirwere che late blight mumadomasi nekuderedza kuwanda kwekushandiswa kwemishonga yekudzivirira kubva pa12 kusvika katatu. Panguva imwe chete, nekuda kwekudzikira kwekupindira kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene nemaoko uye nekachina, kukura kwezvirimwa kwakava kwakasimba, uye goho rekupedzisira rakawedzera neinenge 5%. Maneja wegreenhouse akati: "Kare, taipfapfaidza mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene vhiki rega rega nekuda kwenjodzi 'dzinogoneka'." Iye zvino, sensor yemashizha inotiudza kuti njodzi iripo zvechokwadi riini. Izvi hazvisi zvekungochengetedza mari chete; zvakare kuremekedza zvirimwa nenzvimbo.
Mhedziso
Mukati mekugadzirwa kwegreenhouse kuri kuenda pakunyatsojeka, kunzwisisa zvakananga kwemamiriro emuviri wezvirimwa pachazvo kuri kuva kukwikwidzana kwepamusoro-soro kunopfuura kudzora nharaunda. Sensor yekupisa pamusoro pemashizha uye hunyoro yakafanana nekuisa maziso maviri ekuona varimi anogona "kuona" kufema kwemashizha uye "kunzwisisa" zvirwere zvakavanzika. Inoshandura zvirimwa kubva ku "zvinhu" zvinotarisirwa kuita zvinhu zvine hungwaru zvinonyatso "ratidza" zvavanoda. Nekutsanangura kodhi ye microclimate yemashizha, kutarisira greenhouse kwakasimudzirwa kubva pakudzora zvakanyanya nharaunda kusvika pakutarisira kwekukurumidza uye kufanotaura kwakanangana nehutano hwezvirimwa uye zvinodiwa zvemuviri. Uku hakusi kungobudirira chete muhunyanzvi hwekugadzira, asiwo tsika yakajeka yepfungwa yekurima kunochengetedza - kuwana mabhenefiti makuru ekugadzira uye kugarisana kwezvakatipoteredza nekupindira kushoma kwekunze. Nekufambira mberi kwema algorithms, data iri richabatanidzwa zvakare muuropi hwehungwaru hwekugadzira hwegreenhouse, zvichitungamira kurima kwezvivakwa munguva itsva ine hungwaru chaiyo ye "kuziva tembiricha yezvirimwa uye kunzwisisa zvinodiwa nezvirimwa".
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve Agriculture sensor, ndapota taura neHonde Technology Co., LTD.
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Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-24-2025