Oxygen yakawanda mumvura yepasi redu iri kuderera nokukurumidza uye zvinoshamisa-kubva kumadziva kusvika kugungwa. Kurasika kunofambira mberi kweokisijeni kunotyisidzira kwete ecosystem chete, asiwo raramo yezvikamu zvakakura zvevanhu nepasi rose, sekureva kwevanyori veongororo yepasi rose inosanganisira GEOMAR yakaburitswa nhasi muNature Ecology & Evolution.
Vanodaidza kurasikirwa kweokisijeni mumiviri yemvura kuti ionekwe semumwe muganho wepuraneti kuitira kuti itarise kutarisa kwepasirese, kutsvagisa uye matanho ezvematongerwo enyika.
Okisijeni chinhu chinokosha chinodiwa pakurarama panyika. Kurasikirwa kweokisijeni mumvura, iyo inonziwo aquatic deoxygenation, inotyisa kuhupenyu pamatanho ose. Boka renyika dzakawanda revatsvakurudzi rinotsanangura kuti kuenderera mberi kwe deoxygenation kunopa ngozi huru kune mararamiro ezvikamu zvakakura zvevanhu uye nekugadzikana kwehupenyu panyika yedu.
Tsvagiridzo yapfuura yakaratidza sutu yematanho epasi rose, anonzi miganhu yemapuraneti, ayo anodzora kugara kwese uye kugadzikana kwepasi. Kana zvikumbaridzo zvakakomba mumaitirwo aya zvikapfuura, njodzi yekuchinja kukuru, kukurumidza kana kusingadzoreki kwezvakatipoteredza ("tipping points") inowedzera uye kusimba kwepasi redu, kugadzikana kwayo, kuri mungozi.
Pakati pemiganhu mipfumbamwe yemapuraneti pane kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kuchinja kwekushandiswa kwevhu, uye kurasikirwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Vanyori vekudzidza kutsva vanopikisa kuti mvura deoxygenation zvose zvinopindura, uye zvinogadzirisa, mamwe maitiro emuganhu wepasi.
"Zvakakosha kuti deoxygenation yemumvura iwedzere kune runyorwa rwemiganhu yepasi," akadaro Purofesa Dr. Rose kubva kuRensselaer Polytechnic Institute muTroy, New York, munyori anotungamira webhuku racho. "Izvi zvichabatsira kutsigira nekutarisa kutariswa kwepasirese, kutsvagisa, uye kuedza kwemaitiro kubatsira zvisikwa zvemumvura uye, nzanga pamwe chete."
Mhiri kwese kwese kwezvisikwa zvemumvura, kubva kuhova nenzizi, madziva, madhamu, uye madziva kusvika kune estuaries, mahombekombe, uye gungwa rakashama, yakanyungudika mweya weokisijeni wakadzikira nekukurumidza uye zvakanyanya mumakumi emakore apfuura.
Madhamu nemadhamu akarasikirwa neokisijeni ye5.5% uye 18.6% zvakateerana kubva 1980. Gungwa rakasangana nekurasikirwa kweokisijeni inosvika 2% kubva 1960. Kunyange zvazvo nhamba iyi ichiita sediki, nekuda kwehuwandu hwegungwa inomiririra huwandu hwakawanda hweokisijeni yakarasika.
Marine ecosystems yakawanawo musiyano mukuru mukuderera kweokisijeni. Semuenzaniso, mvura dzepakati peCentral California dzakarasikirwa ne40% yeokisijeni yavo mumakumi mashoma emakore apfuura. Huwandu hwezvipenyu zvemumvura zvakakanganiswa nekuderera kweokisijeni zvakawedzera zvakanyanya mumhando dzese.
"Zvikonzero zvekurasikirwa neokisijeni yemvura kudziya kwepasi nekuda kwekubuda kwegasi regreenhouse uye kuiswa kwezvinovaka muviri zvichibva pakushandiswa kwenyika," anodaro munyori pamwe chete Dr. Andreas Oschlies, Purofesa weMarine Biogeochemical Modeling paGEOMAR Helmholtz Center yeOcean Research Kiel.
“Kana tembiricha yemvura ikakwira, kunyungudika kweokisijeni mumvura kunodzikira.” Uyezve, kudziya kwepasi kunowedzera kutatarika kwembiru yemvura, nokuti mvura inodziya, ine munyu wakaderera uye ine mwero wakaderera iri pamusoro pemvura inotonhora, ine munyu pasi pasi.
"Izvi zvinotadzisa kuchinjana kwemvura yakadzika isina oxygen nemvura yepamusoro peokisijeni. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinovaka muviri zvinobva muvhu zvinotsigira algal blooms, izvo zvinoita kuti oxygen iwedzere kunyura painonyura uye inoora netwupukanana pakadzika."
Nzvimbo dziri mugungwa umo mune oxygen shoma zvekuti hove, mussels kana crustaceans hazvichagone kurarama zvinotyisidzira kwete chete zvipenyu pachazvo, asiwo ecosystem masevhisi sehove, aquaculture, kushanya uye tsika tsika.
Maitiro eMicrobiotic mumatunhu ane oxygen-akapera zvakare ari kuwedzera kuburitsa ane simba greenhouse magasi akadai senitrous oxide uye methane, izvo zvinogona kutungamira kune kumwe kuwedzera kwekudziya kwepasi uye nekudaro chikonzero chikuru chekuderera kweokisijeni.
Vanyori vanoyambira: Isu tave kusvika kune dzakakomba zvikumbaridzo zvemvura deoxygenation iyo inozopedzisira yakanganisa akati wandei mamwe mapuraneti.
Muzvinafundo Dr. Rose vanoti, “Okisijeni yakanyungudutswa inodzora basa remvura yemugungwa nemvura yakachena pakugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze ePasi.
"Kutadza kugadzirisa deoxygenation yemumvura, pakupedzisira, haizongokanganisa zvipenyu chete asiwo zviitiko zvehupfumi, uye nzanga pasi rose."
Aquatic deoxygenation maitiro anomiririra yambiro yakajeka uye kudana kune chiito chinofanira kukurudzira kuchinja kunonokesa kana kutoderedza muganhu uyu wepasi.
Hunhu hwemvura hwakanyungudika okisijeni sensor
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-12-2024