Nhanganyaya: Kana Chiedza cheZuva Chikava "Chinoshanduka"
Chinangwa chikuru chekugadzira simba remagetsi ezuva ndechekushandura simba remwaranzi yezuva kuita simba remagetsi, uye simba rayo rinobuda rinokanganiswa zvakananga munguva chaiyo nematanho akawanda emamiriro ekunze akadai semwaranzi yezuva, tembiricha yemhepo, kumhanya kwemhepo negwara, hunyoro hwemhepo uye kunaya kwemvura. Aya maparameter haasisiri manhamba ari mumishumo yemamiriro ekunze chete, asi "zvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzira" zvinokanganisa zvakananga kushanda zvakanaka kwemagetsi emagetsi, kuchengetedzeka kwemidziyo uye kudzoka kwemari. Chiteshi chemagetsi chega chega (AWS) chashanduka kubva pachishandiso chekutsvagisa kwesainzi kuita "tsinga yemanzwiro" uye "dombo repamusoro rekuita sarudzo" kune zviteshi zvemagetsi zvemazuva ano zvemagetsi ezuva.
I. Kubatana kwakawanda pakati peCore Monitoring Parameters nePower Station Efficiency
Nzvimbo yemagetsi inogadzirwa otomatiki yemagetsi e photovoltaic yakagadzira sisitimu yekutarisa yakagadzirwa zvakanyanya, uye data rega rega rakabatana zvakanyanya nekushanda kwenzvimbo yemagetsi:
Kutarisa mwaranzi yezuva ("kuyera manyuko" ekugadzira magetsi)
Mwaranzi yose (GHI): Inosarudza zvakananga simba rose rinogamuchirwa nemamodule e photovoltaic uye ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pakufanotaura kwekugadzirwa kwesimba.
Mwaranzi yakananga (DNI) uye mwaranzi yakapararira (DHI): Kune ma photovoltaic arrays anoshandisa mabhureki ekutevera kana mamodules chaiwo e-bifacial, data iri rakakosha pakugadzirisa nzira dzekutevera uye kuongorora nemazvo kuwanikwa kwesimba remagetsi kumashure.
Kukosha kwekushandisa: Inopa data rezviyero risingatsiviwi rekuenzanisa mashandiro ekugadzira magetsi (kuverenga kukosha kwePR), kufanotaura kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwenguva pfupi, uye kuongororwa kwekushanda zvakanaka kwesimba remagetsi panzvimbo yemagetsi.
2. Tembiricha yekunze uye tembiricha yemusana wezvikamu (“tembiricha yekushanda zvakanaka”)
Kupisa kwenzvimbo: Kunokanganisa mamiriro ekunze ari pakati nepakati uye zvinodiwa pakutonhorera kwechiteshi chemagetsi.
Tembiricha yekumashure yemodule: Simba rekubuda kwe photovoltaic modules rinoderera sezvo tembiricha ichikwira (kazhinji -0.3% kusvika -0.5%/℃). Kutarisa tembiricha yekumashure panguva chaiyo kunogona kugadzirisa simba rinotarisirwa uye kuona kupisa kusingawanzoitika kwezvinhu kana njodzi dzinogona kuitika panzvimbo dzinopisa.
3. Kumhanya kwemhepo uye Kutungamira ("Munondo unocheka kaviri" wekuchengetedza uye Kutonhodza
Kuchengetedzwa kwechivako: Mhepo ine simba inovhuvhuta ipapo ipapo (senge inopfuura 25m/s) ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekugadzira simba remagetsi rezvigadziro zvekutsigira magetsi nemagetsi. Nyevero dzekumhanya kwemhepo dzinoshanda panguva chaiyo dzinogona kukonzera hurongwa hwekuchengetedza, uye kana zvichidikanwa, shandisa nzira yekudzivirira mhepo ye single-axis tracker (sekuti "nzvimbo yedutu").
Kutonhodza kwechisikigo: Kumhanya kwemhepo kwakakodzera kunobatsira kuderedza tembiricha yekushanda kwezvikamu, zvichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira magetsi. Data iri rinoshandiswa kuongorora mhedzisiro yekutonhodza mhepo uye kugadzirisa marongerwo earray uye nzvimbo.
4. Hunyoro uye Kunaya kwemvura ("zviratidzo zvenyevero" zvekushanda nekugadzirisa uye zvikanganiso)
Hunyoro hwakanyanya: Hunogona kukonzera PID (Potential-induced Attenuation), kukurumidzisa ngura yemidziyo, uye kukanganisa mashandiro ekudzivirira kupisa.
Mvura inonaya: Ruzivo rwemvura runogona kushandiswa kuenzanisa nekuongorora mhedzisiro yekuchenesa kwechisikigo kwezvikamu (kuwedzera kwemagetsi kwenguva pfupi), uye kutungamira kuronga kutenderera kwakanakisa kwekuchenesa. Nyevero dzemvura zhinji dzine chekuita zvakananga nemhinduro yekudzora mafashamo uye masisitimu emvura.
5. Kumanikidzwa kwemhepo nezvimwe zvinhu (“zvinhu zvinobatsira” zvakanatswa)
Inoshandiswa pakugadzirisa data remagetsi nemazvo uye kuongorora ongororo.
Ii. Mamiriro ekushandisa akangwara anotungamirirwa nedata
Ruzivo rwedata rwechiteshi chemamiriro ekunze chinozviitikira chega, kuburikidza ne network yekuunganidza data nekutaurirana, rwunopinda mu monitoring and data acquisition system (SCADA) uye power prediction system yechiteshi chemagetsi che photovoltaic, zvichikonzera maapplication akawanda akangwara:
1. Kufanotaura kwakarurama kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi uye kutumira grid
Kufanotaura kwenguva pfupi (awa yega yega/zuva rapfuura): Kusanganisa kupenya kwemwaranzi panguva chaiyo, mamapu egore uye kufanotaura kwemamiriro ekunze kwenhamba (NWP), kunoshanda sehwaro hukuru hwemadhipatimendi ekutumira magetsi kuti aenzanise kusagadzikana kwesimba remagetsi uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti grid yemagetsi yagadzikana. Kurongeka kwekufanotaura kwakabatana zvakananga nemari inowanikwa mukuongorora kwechiteshi chemagetsi uye hurongwa hwekutengeserana mumusika.
Kufanotaura kwenguva pfupi (miniti-level): Zvichinyanya kuenderana nekutarisa shanduko dzinongoerekana dzaitika mukupenya kwechiedza munguva chaiyo (senge kupfuudza kwegore), inoshandiswa kukurumidza kupindura kweAGC (Automatic Generation Control) mukati mezviteshi zvemagetsi uye kuburitsa simba zvakanaka.
2. Kuongorora kwakadzama mashandiro echiteshi chemagetsi uye kugadzirisa mashandiro acho nekugadzirisa mashandiro acho
Kuongororwa kwePerformance ratio (PR): Zvichibva pakuongorora kwakayerwa kwemwaranzi uye data rekupisa kwezvikamu, verenga simba redzidziso uye enzanisa nemagetsi chaiwo. Kudzikira kwenguva refu kwePR kunogona kuratidza kuora kwezvikamu, mavara, zvipingamupinyi kana zvikanganiso zvemagetsi.
Nzira yekuchenesa ine hungwaru: Nekuongorora zvizere mvura inonaya, kuunganidzwa kweguruva (izvo zvinogona kunzwisiswa zvisina kunanga kuburikidza nekuderedzwa kwemwaranzi), kumhanya kwemhepo (guruva), uye mari yekurasikirwa nemagetsi, hurongwa hwekuchenesa zvikamu zvakanaka hunogadzirwa nenzira inoshanduka.
Yambiro yehutano hwemidziyo: Nekuenzanisa mutsauko wekugadzira magetsi emhando dzakasiyana dzesub-arrays pasi pemamiriro akafanana ekunze, zvikanganiso mumabhokisi ekubatanidza, ma inverter kana mazinga etambo zvinogona kuwanikwa nekukurumidza.
3. Kuchengetedzwa Kwemidziyo uye Kutarisira Njodzi
Nyevero yemamiriro ekunze akaipisisa: Isai miganho yemhepo ine simba, mvura yakawanda, sinou yakawanda, tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya, nezvimwewo, kuti muwane nyevero dzinongoerekana dzaitika uye tungamirai vashandi vekushanda nekugadzirisa kuti vatore matanho ekudzivirira akadai sekusimbaradza, kusimbisa, kubvisa mvura kana kugadzirisa maitiro ekushanda pachine nguva.
Kuongororwa kweInishuwarenzi neZvinhu: Ipai zvinyorwa zvedata remamiriro ekunze zvisina dambudziko uye zvinoramba zvichienderera mberi kuti mupe humbowo hwakavimbika hwevamwe vanhu hwekuongorora kurasikirwa nenjodzi, zvikumbiro zveinishuwarenzi, uye kutengeserana kwemidziyo yemagetsi.
III. Kubatanidzwa kweSisitimu uye Maitiro eTekinoroji
Nzvimbo dzemazuva ano dzemagetsi ezuva nezuva dziri kufambira mberi dzichienda kukubatana kwakasimba, kuvimbika kukuru uye hungwaru.
Dhizaini yakabatana: Chinoongorora mwaranzi, chipima tembiricha nehunyoro, anemometer, chinounganidza data uye chinopa simba (solar panel + bhatiri) zvakabatanidzwa musystem ye mast yakagadzikana uye inodzivirira ngura, zvichiita kuti ishande nekukurumidza uye isingagadzirisike.
2. Kunyatsojeka uye kuvimbika kwakanyanya: Chikamu chesensor chiri kusvika padanho rechipiri kana kuti kunyange rekutanga, chine mabasa ekuzviongorora uye ekuzvigadzirisa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti data rakarurama uye rakagadzikana kwenguva refu.
3. Kubatanidzwa kwe edge computing neAI: Itai kugadzirisa data rekutanga uye kutonga zvisina kujairika pachiteshi kuti muderedze mutoro wekutumira data. Nekubatanidza tekinoroji yekuziva mifananidzo yeAI uye kushandisa mufananidzo wedenga rose kubatsira mukuziva mhando dzegore uye huwandu hwegore, kururama kwekufanotaura kwenguva pfupi kunowedzerwa zvakanyanya.
4. Dhijitari Twin neVirtual Power Station: Data renzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze, senzira chaiyo yekupinda kubva munyika chaiyo, rinoita kuti modhi yedhijitari twin yenzvimbo yemagetsi ye photovoltaic iite simulation yekugadzira magetsi, kufanotaura zvikanganiso, uye kugadzirisa nzira dzekushanda nekugadzirisa munzvimbo chaiyo.
Iv. Nyaya dzeKushandiswa uye Kuyera Kukosha
Chiteshi chemagetsi che 100MW chiri munzvimbo yakaoma ine makomo, mushure mekushandisa network yekutarisa mamiriro ekunze ine zviteshi zvitanhatu, chakabudirira kuita zvinotevera:
Kururama kwekufanotaura kwesimba remagetsi kwenguva pfupi kwakawedzera ne5%, zvichideredza zvakanyanya faindi dzekuongorora grid.
Kuburikidza nekuchenesa kwakangwara kwakavakirwa padata rezvemamiriro ekunze, mari yekuchenesa yegore negore inoderedzwa ne15%, nepo kurasikirwa kwemagetsi kunokonzerwa nemavanga kuchideredzwa neinopfuura 2%.
Munguva yemamiriro ekunze akasimba, nzira yekudzivirira mhepo yakavhurwa maawa maviri pachine nguva zvichibva pakunyevera kwemhepo yakasimba, izvo zvakadzivirira kukuvara kwaigona kuitika pakutsigira. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kurasikirwa kwacho kwakaderedzwa nemamiriyoni akati wandei eyuan.
Mhedziso: Kubva pa "Kuvimba Nezvisikwa Kuti Urarame" kusvika pa "Kuita Zvinoenderana Nezvisikwa"
Kushandiswa kwezviteshi zvemagetsi zvinongoerekana zvaitika kunoratidza kuchinja mukushanda kwezviteshi zvemagetsi zvinongoerekana zvaitika kubva pakuvimba neruzivo nehutungamiriri hwakakura kuenda kunguva itsva yekutonga kwesainzi, kwakanatswa uye kwakangwara kwakavakirwa padata. Zvinogonesa zviteshi zvemagetsi zvinongoerekana zvaitika kuti zvisaone chiedza chezuva chete asiwo kuti "zvinzwisise" mamiriro ekunze, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kukosha kwechiedza chega chega chezuva uye kuwedzera mari inowanikwa nemagetsi uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvinhu muhupenyu hwese. Sezvo simba remagetsi rinova simba guru mukuchinja kwesimba repasi rose, nzvimbo yehunyanzvi yechiteshi chemagetsi chinongoerekana chaitika, icho chinoshanda se "ziso rayo rakangwara", chichawedzera kuzivikanwa.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze,
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