Munguva yekufambira mberi kuri kuita tekinoroji yesatellite neradar, network yakakura yezviteshi zverain gauge zvakaiswa mumaguta nemaruwa pasi rese ichiri sosi yakakosha uye yakavimbika yekuyera data rekunaya kwemvura. Magauji aya anopa rutsigiro rwakakosha pakudzivirira mafashamo uye kutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura.
1. Kugadzirisa Matambudziko Emamiriro Ekunze: Kudiwa Kwepasi Rose Kwekuongororwa Kwemvura
Pasi rose riri kutarisana nezviitiko zvemamiriro ekunze akaipisisa zviri kuramba zvichiitika. Kubva pamadutu emvura muSoutheast Asia kusvika pakusanaya kwemvura muHorn of Africa, kubva kumadutu muCaribbean kusvika pakuzara kwemvura mumaguta, kutarisa mvura nemazvo kwave chinhu chakakosha pakudzivirira njodzi uye kuchengetedzwa kwemvura pasi rose.
Munguva ino yekukura nekukurumidza kwetekinoroji yesatellite uye radar yemamiriro ekunze, magauge emvura achiri kuita basa guru mumatanho epasi rose ekutarisa mamiriro ekunze uye emvura nekuda kwekureruka kwawo, kuvimbika, mutengo wakaderera, uye kururama kwedata. Anoramba ari musimboti wekutarisa mvura, kunyanya munyika dziri kusimukira dzine zvivakwa zvisina kusimba.
2. Varindi Vakanyarara: Zviteshi Zvepasi Pose Zvinotarisa Maitiro Emamiriro Ekunze
Munzvimbo zhinji dzepasi rose dzinowanzoitika njodzi dzemafashamo, zviyero zvemvura zvinoumba nzira yekutanga yekudzivirira masisitimu ekuyambira nekukurumidza. MuIndia's Gangetic Plain, Bangladesh, Indonesia, nenyika dzakawanda dziri muCentral neSouth America, zvishandiso izvi zviri nyore zvinopa hwaro hwakananga hwekunyevera nezvemafashamo, madhaka, uye mafashamo enzizi.
Nzvimbo idzi dzine vanhu vakawanda dzine njodzi huru yekunaya kwemvura zvakanyanya izvo zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupenyu nepfuma. Nekushandisa nzira dzekuongorora mvura, madhipatimendi ezvemamiriro ekunze anogona kupa yambiro nekukurumidza kunzvimbo dzingangoitika kana mvura yakawanda yasvika padanho rine njodzi, zvichitora nguva inokosha yekubvisa vanhu munzvimbo idzi uye kugadzirisa njodzi.
Munzvimbo dzisina mvura yakawanda dzakadai seSouth Saharan Africa, Australian outreach, kana Middle East, mirimita yega yega yemvura inokosha. Ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa kubva kumvura inonaya runobatsira madhipatimendi emvura kuverenga nemazvo kuti mvura inozadza sei nzizi, madhamu, uye mvura yepasi pevhu.
Ruzivo urwu runoumba hwaro hwesainzi hwekugovera mvura yekudiridza yekurima, kutarisira mvura yekunwa, uye kugadzira nzira dzekupindura kusanaya kwemvura. Pasina ruzivo urwu rwakakosha, chero sarudzo yekutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura yaizofanana "nekuyedza kubika pasina mupunga."
Kune nyika zhinji dzichiri kusimukira uko kurima kuri musimboti wehupfumi hwenyika uye kwakakosha pakuchengetedza raramo, ruzivo rwemvura inonaya runoshanda se "kambasi" yekurima pakati pemamiriro ezvinhu anokonzerwa nemvura.
Kubva kuminda yekofi muKenya kusvika kuminda yegorosi muIndia kana minda yemupunga muVietnam, magauge emvura anobatsira varimi nemadhipatimendi ekurima kunzwisisa maitiro ekunaya kwemvura, kugadzirisa nzira dzekudyara, kuongorora zvinodiwa nemvura yezvirimwa, uye kupa humbowo hwakajeka hwezvikumbiro zveinishuwarenzi uye rubatsiro rwehurumende mushure menjodzi.
3. Maitiro eChina: Kuvaka Network Yekutarisa Zvakarurama
Seimwe yenyika dzakanyanya kukanganiswa nenjodzi dzemafashamo pasi rose, China yakagadzira network yakakura uye yakakura kwazvo yekutarisa mamiriro ekunze pasi rose, kusanganisira makumi ezviuru ezviyero zvemvura zvinofamba nevanhu uye zvinozvishandira zvega.
Zvishandiso izvi, zvakaiswa kubva padenga remaguta kusvika kunzvimbo dziri kure dzemakomo, zvinoumba sisitimu yakabatana yekutarisa nekuona "nzvimbo yedenga". MuChina, data rekutarisa mvura haringobatsiri chete pakufanotaura mamiriro ekunze uye yambiro yemafashamo asiwo rakabatanidzwa zvakanyanya mukutarisira maguta.
Kupindura nekukasika pakubuda kwemvura uye kuzara kwemvura mumaguta makuru akadai seBeijing, Shanghai, neShenzhen kunoenderana zvakananga nema network ekutarisa mvura yakawanda. Kana mvura yenguva pfupi munzvimbo chero ipi zvayo ikapfuura mwero wakatarwa, madhipatimendi emakanzuru anogona kukurumidza kushandisa nzira dzakakodzera dzekukurumidzira uye kushandisa zviwanikwa kugadzirisa mafashamo emaguta.
4. Kushanduka Kwetekinoroji: Zvishandiso Zvechinyakare Zvinowana Hupenyu Hutsva
Kunyangwe musimboti wezviyero zvemvura zvisina kuchinja zvakanyanya kwemazana emakore, chimiro chazvo chehunyanzvi chakachinja zvakanyanya. Zviyero zvemvura zvechinyakare zvinoshandiswa nevanhu zviri kutsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nezviteshi zvemvura zvinongoerekana zvaita zvega.
Zviteshi izvi zvinozvishandira zvega zvinoshandisa masensa kuona kunaya kwemvura panguva chaiyo uye kutumira data pasina waya kunzvimbo dzedata kuburikidza netekinoroji yeIoT, zvichivandudza zvikuru kugona kwedata nenguva uye kuvimbika. Pasinei nekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kwepasi rose, nharaunda yepasi rose iri kusimbisa kushandira pamwe mukutarisa kunaya kwemvura.
Sangano reWorld Meteorological Organisation (WMO) rinosimudzira zvikuru kuumbwa kweGlobal Integrated Observing System, richibatsira kugovana ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze pasi rose ukuwo richibatsira nyika dzichiri kusimukira dzisina simba rekutarisa kuvandudza maitiro adzo ekugadzirisa matambudziko emamiriro ekunze pasi rose pamwe chete.
Kubva kunzvimbo dzinowanzo sangana nemafashamo muBangladesh kusvika kumapurazi akasangana nekusanaya kwemvura muKenya, kubva kumaguta makuru eChina kusvika kuzvitsuwa zvidiki zvePacific, aya mageji emvura anoita seari nyore anomira sevarindi vakavimbika, vachishanda maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pasvondo, kuunganidza mamirimita ese emvura inonaya uye kuishandura kuita data rakakosha.
Mageji emvura acharamba ari nzira yakakosha, yakavimbika, uye isingadhuri yekuyera mvura pasi rose mune ramangwana, achiramba achipa rutsigiro rwakakosha rwekuderedza njodzi dzenjodzi, kuona kuti mvura yakachengeteka, uye kukurudzira budiriro inoenderera mberi pasi rose.
Seti yakakwana yemaseva nesoftware isina waya module, inotsigira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Kuti uwane mamwe mageji emvura ruzivo,
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