Iwo "Maziso, Nzeve, uye Inzwi" yeMafashamo Ekutanga Yambiro Masisitimu: Iwo Mabatiro Akakosha uye Yakakura Impact yeHydrological Radar, Rain Gauges, uye Displacement Sensors.

Mumazuva ano ekudzivirira njodzi uye kudzikisira masisitimu, masisitimu ekuyambira mafashama anoshanda senzira yekutanga yekudzivirira kubva kunjodzi dzemafashama. Sitimu yambiro inoshanda uye yakarurama inoita semurindi asinganeti, achitsamira pamichina yakasiana-siana yepamusoro yokuziva “kuona kumativi ose uye kunzwa kumativi ose.” Pakati peizvi, hydrological radar flowmeters, majeji emvura, uye ma sensor ekutamisa anoita mabasa akakosha. Ivo vanounganidza data rakakosha kubva kune akasiyana mativi, pamwe chete vachigadzira hwaro hwekuona hweyambiro system, uye kukanganisa kwavo kwakadzama uye kwakakosha.

I. Mabasa eMatatu Akakosha Sensors

1. Rain Gauge: Iyo "Vanguard" uye "Cause Monitor"
* Basa: Iyo geji yemvura ndiyo yakananga uye yechinyakare mudziyo wekutarisa kunaya kwemvura. Basa rayo guru nderokuyera chaizvo huwandu hwemvura (mumamilimita) pane imwe nzvimbo pane imwe nguva. Yakaiswa munzvimbo dzakashama, inounganidza mvura inonaya mune inogamuchira uye inoyera vhoriyamu kana uremu hwayo, ichiishandura kuita data remvura yakadzika.
* Nzvimbo muSitimu: Ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yekunyevera mafashama. Kunaya kwemvura ndiko kunokonzera mafashamu mazhinji. Chaiyo-nguva, inoenderera mberi data yekunaya ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yekuisa parameter kune hydrological modhi kuita runoff ongororo uye kufanotaura mafashama. Kuburikidza netiweki yezviteshi zvekunaya kwemvura, sisitimu inogona kunzwisisa kugovaniswa kwenzvimbo uye kuwanda kwekunaya kwemvura, ichipa hwaro hwekufungidzira kuyerera kwemvura.

2. Hydrological Radar Flowmeter: Iyo "Core Analyst"
* Basa: Ichi chisiri chekubata, chepamberi 流速 (kuyerera kwevelocity) uye 流量 (kuburitsa) yekutarisa mudziyo. Inowanzo kusungirirwa pamabhiriji kana mabhangi pamusoro pemvura, inoburitsa masaisai eradar yakananga pamusoro pemvura. Ichishandisa iyo Doppler mhedzisiro musimboti, inoyera nemazvo kumhanyisa kwerwizi uye, yakasanganiswa nedata remvura (kazhinji kubva kune yakasanganiswa yegeji yemvura), inoverengera kubuda kwepakarepo (mu cubic metres pasekondi) pamuchinjiko-munguva chaiyo.
* Nzvimbo muSitimu: Ndiyo musimboti wemafashama ekutanga yambiro system. Kuburitsa ndiyo inonyanya kukosha chiratidzo chehukuru hwemafashamo, inotaridza zvakananga chiyero uye kukuvara kunogona kuitika kwepamusoro pemafashama. Kana ichienzaniswa neyechinyakare kuonana-kwakavakirwa 流速 metres, radar inoyerera haina kukanganiswa nemafashama emvura kana marara. Ivo vanoramba vachishanda panguva yemafashama akaipisisa, vachipa yakakosha "in-the-nguva" data uye inogonesa yakananga, chaiyo-nguva, uye kunyatso tarisisa mamiriro enzizi.

3. Displacement Sensor: Iyo "Facility Guardian" uye "Secondary Disaster Whistleblower"
* Basa: Chikamu ichi chinosanganisira masensa akasiyana siyana (semuenzaniso, GNSS, inclinometers, crack metres) anoshandiswa kuona kukanganiswa kwemaminiti, kugariswa, kana kutamiswa kwezvivakwa zvemvura zvakaita semadhamu emvura, matsimba, uye materu. Iwo akaiswa pane akakosha zvimiro mapoinzi kuti arambe achiyera shanduko yenzvimbo.
* Chinzvimbo muSitimu: Ndiyo muchengeti wekuchengetedza engineering uye yechipiri njodzi yambiro. Ngozi yemafashamu haiuyi chete kubva pahuwandu hwemvura pachayo asiwo kubva mukukundikana kwechimiro. Displacement sensors inogona kupa nekukurumidza kuonekwa kwekugona kubuda kwedhamu kana deformation, njodzi yekudonha kwevhu pamikomba, kana kusagadzikana kwemateru. Kana data rakatariswa richipfuura zvikumbaridzo zvekuchengetedza, sisitimu inokonzeresa alarm kune njodzi huru senge pombi, kutadza kwedhamu, kana kudonha kwevhu, nekudaro kudzivirira mafashama ane njodzi anokonzerwa nekutadza kwechimiro.

II. Kushandirapamwe Kwekushanda

Izvi zvikamu zvitatu zvinoshanda mukubatana, zvichigadzira yambiro yakazara loop:

1. Rain Gauge ndiyo yekutanga kushuma "kuti mvura yakawanda sei iri kubva kudenga."
2. Mamodheru eHydrological anofanotaura zvingangoitika uye mafashama epamusoro ekuyerera zvichienderana nedata rekunaya kwemvura.
3. Iyo Hydrological Radar Flowmeter iri munzvimbo dzakakosha dzenzizi inosimbisa fungidziro iyi munguva-chaiyo, ichishuma "kuti imvura yakawanda sei murwizi," uye inopa yambiro yechokwadi nezvenguva yekusvika kwemvura zhinji uye ukuru zvichienderana nekukwira kuri kuita mvura.
4. Panguva imwe chete, iyo Displacement Sensor inotarisa zvakasimba kana "mudziyo wakabata mvura" wakachengeteka, kuve nechokwadi kuti mvura yemafashamo inosunungurwa nenzira yakarongeka uye kudzivirira njodzi huru dzinokonzerwa nekukundikana kwemaitiro.

III. Zvakanyanya Kukanganisa

1. Yambiro Yakawedzerwa Kwazvo uye Nekuenderana Nenguva:
* Chaiyo-nguva yekuburitsa data kubva kuhydrological radar inoderedza zvakanyanya kusavimbika kwechinyakare mvura-yakavakirwa mafashama ekufungidzira. Izvi zvinoshandura yambiro kubva pa "kufanotaura" kuenda ku "chaiyo-nguva yekushuma," kutenga maawa akakosha kana makumi emaawa enguva yegoridhe yekubuda murwizi uye mhinduro yechimbichimbi.

2. Kugona Kuvandudzwa Kwekupindura Zviitiko Zvemafashamo Akanyanya:
* Kuyera kusingabatanidzwe kunobvumira radar flowmeters kushanda zvakajairwa panguva yemafashamo makuru enhoroondo, achizadza mapeji akakosha edata panguva yechikamu chakanyanya chenjodzi. Izvi zvinopa humbowo hunoonekwa hwezvisarudzo zvekuraira, kudzivirira "kurwa murima" panguva dzakanyanya kukosha.

3. Kuwedzera kubva payambiro yeMafashamo kuenda kuStructural Safety Yambiro yeKudzivirira Kwakazara Kwenjodzi:
* Iko kubatanidzwa kwema sensors ekutamisa kunovandudza iyo yambiro kubva kune yakanyatso hydrological forecast kuenda kune yakabatanidzwa "hydrological-structural" yambiro yekuchengetedza. Inogona kunyevera kwete chete "njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga" asiwo zvinobudirira kudzivirira "njodzi dzevanhu" (kukundikana kwemaitiro), kuwedzera zvakanyanya kudzika uye chiyero chegadziriro yekudzivirira njodzi.

4. Kukurudzira kweSmart Water Management uye Digitalization:
* Huwandu hukuru hwe data-chaiyo-nguva inogadzirwa neaya masensor inoumba hwaro hwekuvaka "Dhijitari Twin Mvura." Ongororo kuburikidza nedata hombe uye hungwaru hwekugadzira inobvumira kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirisa kwemhando dzehydrological, kugonesa huchenjeri hwemafashama simulation, kufanotaura, uye kushanda kwemvura, zvinozotungamira kune kunatswa uye nehungwaru kutonga kwemvura.

5. Kuberekwa Kwemabhenefiti Akakosha Ehupfumi Nemagariro:
* Yambiro dzechokwadi dzinoderedza kufa uye kukuvadzwa kwezvinhu. Kurasikirwa kunodzivirirwa nekutora matanho akadai sekuvhara magedhi pachine nguva, kufambisa midziyo, uye kubvisa vanhu vakawanda kudarika mari mukuvaka masisitimu ekutarisa aya, zvichikonzera kudzoka kwakanyanya pakudyara. Uyezve, inowedzera kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu uye kuvimba muhurongwa hwekudzivirira njodzi.

Yakazara seti yemaseva uye software isina waya module, inotsigira RS485 GPRS / 4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN

Kuti uwane mamwe ma sensors ruzivo,

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