Kuwedzera kuri kuita kudiwa kwemvura yakachena kuri kukonzera kushomeka kwemvura pasi rose. Sezvo huwandu hwevanhu huri kuramba huchiwedzera uye vanhu vazhinji vanotamira kumaguta, zvishandisi zvemvura zvinosangana nematambudziko mazhinji ane chekuita nekugovera kwavo mvura uye mashandiro ekurapa. Kutarisirwa kwemvura munharaunda hakugone kufuratirwa, sezvo United Nations inofungidzira kuti maguta anotora 12% yezvese zvakabviswa mvura yakachena. [1] Pamusoro pekukura kuri kuda kwemvura, zvishandiswa zviri kunetsekana kutevedzera mutemo mutsva une chekuita nekushandiswa kwemvura, marapirwo emvura yetsvina, uye nhanho dzekuchengetedza panguva yakatarisana nekuchembera kwezvivakwa uye mari shoma.
Maindasitiri mazhinji ari panjodzi yekushaikwa kwemvura. Mvura inowanzo shandiswa mukugadzira nzira dzekutonhodza nekuchenesa, uye mvura inoraswa inokonzeresa inofanira kucheneswa isati yashandiswa zvakare kana kuburitswa mumhepo. Zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvinonyanya kuoma kubvisa, zvakadai semafuta akatsetseka, uye zvinogona kuita zvakasara zvinoda kurapwa kwakakosha. Maindasitiri ekuchenesa mvura yetsvina nzira dzinofanirwa kuve nemutengo-unoshanda uye unokwanisa kurapa mavhoriyamu makuru emvura yetsvina patembiricha dzakasiyana uye pH mazinga.
Kuwana kusefa kwepamusoro-soro chikamu chakakosha chekuvandudza chizvarwa chinotevera chekugadzirisa mvura. Yepamberi yekusefa membranes inopa inoshanda zvakanyanya uye inochengetedza simba nzira yekurapa, uye vagadziri vari kuramba vachigadzira matekinoroji matsva kuti aenderane nezvinodiwa zvemaindasitiri nemanisipala uye kugara pamberi pekuchinja kwemamiriro ekutonga kwekuchengetedza uye kushandiswazve.
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunokanganisa kuwanikwa kwemvura uye kunaka kwemvura. Madutu makuru nemafashamo anogona kukuvadza mvura, kuwedzera kupararira kwezvinosvibisa, uye kukwira kwemvura yegungwa kunogona kukonzera kupindira kwemvura yemunyu. Kusanaya kwemvura kwenguva refu kuri kuderedza mvura iripo, nenzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzekuMadokero, dzinosanganisira Arizona, California neNevada, dzichiisa zvirango zvekuchengetedza nekuda kwekushomeka kwemvura muColorado River Basin.
Zvivakwa zvekupa mvura zvinodawo kuvandudzwa kukuru nekudyara. Muchidzidzo chayo chechangobva kuitika chezvinodiwa munzvimbo dzakachena dzemvura, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) yakawana kuti $630 bhiriyoni ichadikanwa mumakore makumi maviri anotevera kuti ipe mvura yakachena yakakwana, ne55% yemari iyoyo inodiwa kune marara emvura. [2] Zvimwe zvezvinodiwa izvi zvinobva pazviyero zvitsva zvekuchenesa mvura, zvinosanganisira Safe Drinking Water Act uye mutemo unoisa huwandu hwakanyanya hwemakemikari akaita senitrogen nephosphorus. Kusefa kunoshanda kwakakosha pakubvisa izvi zvinosvibisa uye kupa mvura yakachengeteka uye yakachena.
Mitemo yePFAS haingobatanidze mazinga ekuyerera kwemvura, asi zvakare inobata zvakananga tekinoroji yekusefa. Nekuda kwekuti fluorinated compounds inogara yakasimba, yave chinhu chakajairika mune mamwe ma membrane, senge polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Vagadziri veMembrane mafirita vanofanirwa kugadzira zvimwe zvinhu zvisina PTFE kana mamwe makemikari ePFAS kuti asangane nezvitsva zvekutonga zvinodiwa.
Sezvo mabhizinesi mazhinji nehurumende dzichitora zvirongwa zvakasimba zveESG, kuderedza kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse kunova chinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi ndiko kwanyanya kuburitsa, uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba kwese chiyero chakakosha kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvebudiriro.
The Environmental Protection Agency inoshuma kuti mvura yekunwa uye zvidyarwa zvekuchenesa mvura zvinowanzova vatengi vakuru vesimba mumadhumeni, vachiverengera makumi matatu kusvika makumi mana muzana ekushandiswa kwesimba rose. [3] Mapoka ezviwanikwa zvemvura, akadai seAmerican Water Alliance, anosanganisira mashandiro emvura akazvipira kuderedza kuburitswa kwegasi rinopisa muchikamu chemvura kuburikidza nemaitiro ekuderedza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kutonga kwemvura kwakasimba. Kune vanogadzira membrane kusefa, kushanda nesimba kwakakosha kana uchishandisa chero tekinoroji nyowani.
Isu tinogona kupa akasiyana ma sensors ekutarisa akasiyana ma parameter emhando yemvura
Iyi sensor probe inogadzirwa nePTFE (Teflon) zvinhu, izvo zvinodzivirira corrosion uye zvinogona kushandiswa mumvura yegungwa, aquaculture uye mvura ine pH yakakwira uye corrosion yakasimba.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-09-2024