Nhanganyaya
Peru, inozivikanwa nekusiyana-siyana kwenzvimbo dzayo uye nhaka yayo yekurima yakapfuma, inotarisana nematambudziko makuru ane chekuita nekutarisira mvura uye kusiyana kwemamiriro ekunze. Munyika umo kurima kuri chikamu chakakosha chehupfumi uye sosi yekurarama kwemamiriyoni evanhu, ruzivo rwechokwadi rwemamiriro ekunze rwakakosha. Chimwe chezvishandiso zvakakosha panyaya iyi ichiyero chemvuraChishandiso ichi chiri nyore asi chinoshanda chinopa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvemvura inonaya, zvichibatsira varimi kuita sarudzo dzakarongeka uye kugadzirisa mabasa avo ekurima.
Kunzwisisa Mageji Emvura
Chiyero chemvura chinoshandiswa kuyera huwandu hwemvura inonaya mukati menguva yakatarwa. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzezviyero zvemvura, zvinosanganisira manyorerwo emaoko uye otomatiki. Zvishandiso izvi zvinounganidza mvura yemvura mumudziyo wakagadzirwa, zvichibvumira kuyera kwakanyatsojeka hudzamu hwemvura. Kune varimi, ruzivo urwu rwakakosha pakuronga nguva yekudyara, zvinodiwa pakudiridza, uye kutarisira zvirimwa.
Kuvandudza Kutarisirwa Kwemvura
Kushomeka kwemvura idambudziko guru munzvimbo dzakawanda dzePeru, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakadai seAndes nemahombekombe egungwa. Mageji emvura anobatsira varimi kutarisa huwandu hwemvura inonaya, zvichivabvumira kutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura zvinobudirira. Nekuziva kuti mvura yakawanda sei yanaya, varimi vanogona kuona kana vachida kudiridza zvirimwa zvavo kana kuti mvura ichangobva kunaya yakapa hunyoro hwakakwana.
"Kune varimi vari munzvimbo dzisina mvura yakawanda, ruzivo rwakarurama rwemvura rwakakosha," anodaro Juan Ortiz, mainjiniya wezvekurima ari kuLima. "Nekushandisa nzira yekuongorora mvura, vanogona kudzivirira kudiridza zvakanyanya kana kudiridza minda yavo zvisina kukwana, izvo zvese zvinogona kukanganisa goho rezvirimwa."
Kutsigira Kuronga neKutarisira Zvirimwa
Nguva uye huwandu hwemvura inonaya zvinokanganisa zvikuru maitiro ekurima. Nekushandisa magauji emvura, varimi vanogona kuronga zviri nani nguva yavo yekudyara nekukohwa. Semuenzaniso, kunzwisisa kuti mwaka wemvura unotanga riini kunobvumira varimi kudyara zvirimwa zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze anotarisirwa.
Munzvimbo dzine kurima zvekudya, senge munzvimbo dzakakwirira, ruzivo rwakapihwa nenguva kuburikidza nerain gauges runogona kureva musiyano pakati pekubudirira kwekukohwa nekukundikana kwezvirimwa. Varimi vanogona kugadzirisa mabasa avo zvichienderana nemaitirwo emvura, vachivandudza kusimba kwavo mumamiriro ekunze asingatarisirwi uye kuwedzera goho ravo.
Kuderedza Kuchinja-chinja Kwemamiriro Ekunze
Mamiriro ekunze ePeru anokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakaita seEl Niño neLa Niña, zvichikonzera mamiriro ekunze akaipisisa, kusanganisira mvura yakawanda uye kusanaya kwemvura kwenguva refu. Mageji emvura anoita basa rakakosha mukuderedza migumisiro yekusiyana kwemamiriro ekunze kwakadaro nekupa data renguva chaiyo rinogona kubatsira varimi kugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze anochinja.
Semuenzaniso, mumakore eEl Niño, nzvimbo dzingangowana mvura yakawandisa dzinogona kubatsirwa neruzivo rwakawanikwa panguva yakakodzera kuburikidza nematanho ekuongorora mvura. Kusiyana neizvi, munzvimbo dzinowanzo sangana nedambudziko remvura, kuziva nguva yekutarisira mvura kunogona kubatsira varimi kugadzirira - kungave kuburikidza nenzira dzekuchengetedza mvura kana nekusarudza zvirimwa zvisinganetseki nedambudziko remvura.
Kuvandudza Tsvagiridzo neKubudirira kwezvekurima
Kuyera mvura kwakakoshawo pakutsvaga nekuvandudza kurima. Nekuunganidza data pamusoro pemaitiro ekunaya kwemvura nekufamba kwenguva, vaongorori vanogona kuongorora mafambiro emabasa ekurima uye kupa mazano ekuvandudza maitiro ekurima. Data iri rinogona kubatsira muzvirongwa zvine chekuita nemazano ekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze, kudiridza, uye mashandisirwo evhu anoenderera mberi.
"Masangano ekutsvagisa anovimba nedata remvura rakarurama uye rinogara richinaya kuti varatidze uye vafanotaura mhedzisiro yekurima," anotsanangura kudaro Dr. Maria Gonzalez, nyanzvi yezvemamiriro ekunze paYunivhesiti yePeru. "Ruzivo rwunounganidzwa kubva kumvura inonaya runokosha pakugadzira nzira dzekusimudzira kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu mukutarisana nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze."
Kubatanidzwa uye Kudzidziswa kweNharaunda
Kuti zviwedzere mabhenefiti emvura inonaya, hurumende yePeru nemasangano akasiyana-siyana ari kuwedzera kuisa mari muzvirongwa zvekudzidzisa nharaunda. Zvirongwa izvi zvinodzidzisa varimi mashandisirwo emvura inonaya zvinobudirira uye kududzira data ravanopa. Nekupa simba varimi vemunharaunda, izvi zvinokurudzira kutarisirwa kwemvura zviri nani uye kunzwisisa kwakanyanya kwemamiriro ekunze.
“Kudzidzisa varimi kushandisa uye kuverenga magauge emvura kunoita kuti nharaunda yekurima ive neruzivo rwakakura,” anodaro Pedro Ruiz, mudzidzisi ari kumaruwa ePeru. “Zvinovabatsira kuita sarudzo zvichibva paruzivo rwechokwadi, rwepanguva chaiyo pane kufungidzira.”
Mhedziso
Kukanganiswa kwemvura inonaya pakurima muPeru hakugoni kutaurwa zvakanyanya. Nekupa ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro pemvura inonaya, zvishandiso izvi zvinovandudza manejimendi yemvura, zvinotsigira kuronga zvirimwa, uye zvinobatsira varimi kuti vajairane nekusiyana kwemamiriro ekunze. Sezvo nyika ichiramba ichitarisana nematambudziko anokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kushomeka kwemvura, basa remvura inonaya richaramba rakakosha mukusimudzira tsika dzekurima dzinogara kwenguva refu uye kuona kuti mamiriyoni evanhu vanovimba nekurima vararame nehupenyu. Kuisa mari muzvivakwa nekudzidziswa kwekushandiswa kwakapararira kwemvura inonaya kwakakosha pakuvaka chikamu chekurima chakasimba muPeru.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve sensor yerain gauge,
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