Nekuenderera mberi kwekuenderera mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, kushandiswa kwema sensors evhu kunowedzera uye kwakawedzera muminda yekurima, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye ecological monitoring. Kunyanya, sensor yevhu inoshandisa SDI-12 protocol yakave chinhu chakakosha mukutarisa ivhu nekuda kwehutano hwayo hunobudirira, hwakarurama uye hwakavimbika. Iri bepa richaunza SDI-12 protocol, iyo inoshanda musimboti weivhu sensor yayo, kesi dzekushandisa, uye mafambiro ekuvandudza mune ramangwana.
1. Pfupiso ye SDI-12 protocol
SDI-12 (Serial Data Interface pa 1200 baud) idhipatimendi rekutaurirana data rakagadzirirwa zvakanangana nekutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza, iro rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda ye hydrological, meteorological uye ivhu sensors. Zvikuru zvayo zvinosanganisira:
Kuderera kwesimba rekushandisa: Iyo SDI-12 mudziyo inoshandisa yakaderera simba mune yekumira modhi, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune zvakatipoteredza zvekutarisa zvishandiso zvinoda nguva yakareba yekushanda.
Multi-sensor yekubatanidza: Iyo SDI-12 protocol inobvumira kusvika ku62 sensors kuti abatanidzwe pamusoro peiyo mutsara wekutaurirana, kufambisa kuunganidzwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dze data munzvimbo imwechete.
Kuverenga kuri nyore dhata: SDI-12 inobvumira zvikumbiro zvedata kuburikidza nemirairo yakapusa yeASCII kuitira nyore mushandisi kunyengera uye kugadzirisa data.
Yakanyanya kurongeka: Masensa anoshandisa iyo SDI-12 protocol kazhinji ane yakakwirira kuyerwa kurongeka, iyo inokodzera tsvakiridzo yesainzi uye yakanaka yekurima maapplication.
2. Kushanda nheyo yevhu sensor
Iyo SDI-12 inobuda ivhu sensor inowanzo shandiswa kuyera hunyoro hwevhu, tembiricha, EC (yemagetsi conductivity) uye mamwe ma paramita, uye nheyo yayo yekushanda ndeyotevera:
Kuyera kwehunyoro: Ivhu remvura sensors rinowanzoenderana necapacitance kana kuramba musimboti. Kana hunyoro hwevhu huripo, hunyoro hunoshandura maitiro emagetsi e sensor (yakadai se capacitance kana kushorwa), uye kubva kune idzi shanduko, sensor inogona kuverenga hunyoro hwevhu.
Chiyero chetembiricha: Mazhinji ma sensors evhu anobatanidza tembiricha sensors, kazhinji ne thermistor kana thermocouple tekinoroji, kupa chaiyo-nguva yekushisa ivhu data.
Magetsi conductivity kuyerwa: Magetsi conductivity anowanzo shandiswa kuongorora munyu muvhu, kukanganisa kukura mbesa uye kutorwa kwemvura.
Kukurukurirana maitiro: Kana iyo sensor ichiverenga iyo data, inotumira iyo yakayerwa kukosha mu ASCII fomati kune data logger kana mugadziri kuburikidza nemirairo yeSDI-12, iyo iri nyore kune inotevera data yekuchengetedza uye kuongororwa.
3. Kushandiswa kweSDI-12 ivhu sensor
Precision kurima
Mumashandisirwo mazhinji ekurima, iyo SDI-12 ivhu sensor inopa varimi rutsigiro rwesarudzo yekudiridza nekutarisa hunyoro hwevhu uye tembiricha munguva chaiyo. Semuenzaniso, kuburikidza neSDI-12 ivhu sensor yakaiswa mumunda, varimi vanogona kuwana data yehunyoro hwevhu munguva chaiyo, maererano nezvinodiwa zvemvura zvezvirimwa, zvinobudirira kudzivirira tsvina yemvura, kuvandudza goho rezvirimwa uye kunaka.
Kutariswa kwezvakatipoteredza
Muchirongwa chekuchengetedza ecological uye kutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza, iyo SDI-12 ivhu sensor inoshandiswa kutarisa kukanganisa kwezvinosvibisa pamhando yevhu. Mamwe mapurojekiti ekudzoreredza ecological anoshandisa SDI-12 sensors muvhu rakasvibiswa kuti atarise shanduko mukuwanda kwesimbi inorema nemakemikari muvhu munguva chaiyo kupa rutsigiro rwedata rezvirongwa zvekudzorera.
Tsvagiridzo yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze
Mutsvakurudzo yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kutarisa hunyoro hwevhu uye kuchinja kwekushisa kwakakosha pakutsvakurudza kwemamiriro ekunze. Iyo SDI-12 sensor inopa data pamusoro penguva yakareba yakatevedzana, ichibvumira vaongorori kuti vaongorore mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pane ivhu remvura simba. Semuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nguva, boka rekutsvakurudza rakashandisa data yenguva refu kubva kuSDI-12 sensor kuti iongorore mafambiro ehutu hwevhu pasi pemamiriro ekunze akasiyana-siyana, ichipa data inokosha yekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze.
4. Mhosva chaidzo
Nyaya 1:
Mumunda mukuru wemichero muCalifornia, vatsvakurudzi vakashandisa SDI-12 ivhu sensor kuti vatarise unyoro hwevhu uye tembiricha munguva chaiyo. Purasi inorima miti yemichero yakasiyana-siyana, inosanganisira maapuro, macitrus nemimwewo. Nekuisa SDI-12 sensors pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzemiti, varimi vanogona kunyatsowana hunyoro hwevhu remuti wega wega.
Implementation effect: Iyo data inounganidzwa ne sensor inosanganiswa neye meteorological data, uye varimi vanogadzirisa hurongwa hwekudiridza maererano nehunyoro chaihwo hwevhu, zvinobudirira kudzivirira kutambisa zviwanikwa zvemvura zvinokonzerwa nekudiridza zvakanyanya. Pamusoro pezvo, kutarisisa nguva chaiyo yedata rekushisa kwevhu kunobatsira varimi kukwenenzvera nguva yefotereza nekudzivirira zvipembenene. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti goho rose remunda wemichero rakawedzera ne15%, uye kushanda kwekushandiswa kwemvura kwakawedzera nepamusoro pe20%.
Nyaya yechipiri:
Muchirongwa chekuchengetedza ivhu kumabvazuva kweUnited States, boka rekutsvagisa rakatumira akatevedzana eSDI-12 ivhu rinonzwa kuti ritarise huwandu hwemvura, munyu uye organic zvinosvibisa muvhu remanyoro. Idzi data dzakakosha pakuongorora hutano hwe ecology yematoro.
Implementation effect: Kuburikidza nekutarisa nguva dzose, zvinoonekwa kuti pane kuwirirana kwakananga pakati pekushanduka kwemvura yevhu remanyoro uye shanduko yekushandiswa kwevhu. Ongororo yedata yakaratidza kuti munyu wevhu wakatenderedza matoro unowedzera mumwaka wekurima kwakanyanya, zvichikanganisa kusiyana kwezvipenyu mumatoro. Kubva pane idzi data, masangano ekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza akagadzira matanho akakodzera ekutonga, sekudzikamisa kushandiswa kwemvura yekurima uye kusimudzira nzira dzekurima dzakasimba, kudzikisa kukanganisa kwenzvimbo yevhu, nekudaro zvichibatsira kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwenzvimbo.
Nyaya 3:
Muchidzidzo chepasi rose chekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, masayendisiti akaisa network yeSDI-12 ivhu sensors munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemamiriro ekunze, senge nzvimbo dzinopisa, dzinodziya uye dzinotonhora, kutarisa zviratidzo zvakakosha senge hunyoro hwevhu, tembiricha uye organic kabhoni. Aya ma sensor anounganidza data pamhepo yakakwira, achipa akakosha empirical rutsigiro rwemamiriro ekunze.
Implementation effect: Ongororo yedata yakaratidza kuti unyoro hwevhu uye shanduko yetembiricha zvine mhedzisiro yakakura pakuora kweivhu organic carbon mumamiriro ekunze akasiyana. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinopa tsigiro yakasimba yedata yekuvandudzwa kwemhando dzemamiriro ekunze, zvichibvumira boka rekutsvagisa kuti rinyatso kufanotaura zvinogona kuitika mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze mune ramangwana pane ivhu kabhoni yekuchengetedza. Mhedzisiro yechidzidzo ichi yakaunzwa pamisangano yakawanda yepasi rose yemamiriro ekunze uye yakakwezva vanhu vakawanda.
5. Future development trend
Nekukurumidza kusimudzira kwekurima kwakangwara uye kuvandudzwa kwezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, ramangwana rekusimudzira maitiro eSDI-12 protocol ivhu sensors inogona kupfupikiswa sezvizvi:
Kubatanidzwa kwepamusoro: Future sensors ichabatanidza mamwe mabasa ekuyera, akadai sekutarisa kwemeteorological (tembiricha, humidity, kumanikidza), kupa ruzivo rwakakwana rwe data.
Enhanced intelligence: Yakasanganiswa neInternet yezvinhu (IoT) tekinoroji, iyo SDI-12 ivhu sensor ichave yakangwara yekutsigisa sarudzo yekuongorora uye kurudziro zvichibva pane chaiyo-nguva data.
Kuona data: Mune ramangwana, masensa anozobatana nemapuratifomu emakore kana nharembozha kuti uwane kuratidzwa kwedata, kuitira kufambisa vashandisi kuwana ruzivo rwevhu nenguva uye kuita hutongi hunoshanda.
Kuderedzwa kwemutengo: Sezvo tekinoroji ichiramba ichikura uye maitiro ekugadzira achivandudza, mutengo wekugadzira weSDI-12 ivhu sensors inotarisirwa kudzikira uye kuwanikwa zvakanyanya.
Mhedziso
Iyo SDI-12 inobuda ivhu sensor iri nyore kushandisa, inoshanda, uye inogona kupa yakavimbika ivhu data, inova chishandiso chakakosha kutsigira kunyatso kurima uye kuongorora kwezvakatipoteredza. Nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza uye mukurumbira wetekinoroji, ma sensors aya achapa rubatsiro rwakakosha rwe data yekuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvekurima uye matanho ekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, zvichibatsira mukusimudzira uye kuvaka budiriro yezvipenyu.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-15-2025