Nekufambira mberi kuri kuramba kuchiita sainzi netekinoroji, kushandiswa kwemasensa evhu kuri kuwedzera zvakanyanya muminda yekurima, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kutarisa zvakatipoteredza. Kunyanya, sensa yevhu inoshandisa SDI-12 protocol yave chishandiso chakakosha mukutarisa ivhu nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hunoshanda, hwakarurama uye hwakavimbika. Pepa iri richasuma SDI-12 protocol, musimboti wekushanda kwesensa yayo yevhu, nyaya dzekushandisa, uye mafambiro ekuvandudza mune ramangwana.
1. Pfupiso yeprotocol yeSDI-12
SDI-12 (Serial Data Interface pa 1200 baud) inzira yekutaurirana data yakagadzirirwa zvakananga kutarisa nharaunda, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda ye hydrological, meteorological uye soil sensors. Zvinhu zvayo zvikuru zvinosanganisira:
Kushandiswa kwesimba shoma: Mudziyo weSDI-12 unodya simba shoma kwazvo muchimiro chekumirira, zvichiita kuti ukwanise kushandiswa mumidziyo yekutarisa nharaunda inoda kushanda kwenguva refu.
Kubatana kwemasensa akawanda: Iyo SDI-12 protocol inobvumira masensa anosvika makumi matanhatu nemaviri kubatanidzwa pamusoro petambo imwe chete yekutaurirana, zvichiita kuti mhando dzakasiyana dzedata dziunganidzwe panzvimbo imwe chete.
Kuverenga data kuri nyore: SDI-12 inobvumira zvikumbiro zvedata kuburikidza nemirairo iri nyore yeASCII kuti zvive nyore kushandisa uye kugadzirisa data.
Kunyatsojeka: Masensa anoshandisa SDI-12 protocol anowanzo kuve nekuyera kwakanyatsojeka, izvo zvakakodzera kutsvagurudza kwesainzi uye kushandiswa kwakanaka kwekurima.
2. Nheyo yekushanda kwe sensor yevhu
SDI-12 inoburitsa soil sensor inowanzo shandiswa kuyera hunyoro hwevhu, tembiricha, EC (electrical conductivity) nezvimwe zvinhu, uye musimboti wayo wekushanda ndewekuti:
Kuyerwa kwehunyoro: Zviyereso zvehunyoro hwevhu zvinowanzo enderana nepfungwa ye capacitance kana resistance. Kana hunyoro hwevhu huripo, hunyoro hunochinja hunhu hwemagetsi hwe sensor (senge capacitance kana resistance), uye kubva mukuchinja uku, sensor inogona kuverenga hunyoro hwevhu.
Kuyerwa kwekupisa: Ma sensor mazhinji evhu anobatanidza masensa ekupisa, kazhinji netekinoroji yethermistor kana thermocouple, kuti ape data rekupisa kwevhu panguva chaiyo.
Kuyerwa kwesimba remagetsi: Simba remagetsi rinowanzo shandiswa kuongorora huwandu hwemunyu muvhu, zvichikanganisa kukura kwezvirimwa uye kunyudzwa kwemvura.
Maitiro ekutaurirana: Kana sensor ikaverenga data, inotumira kukosha kwakayerwa mufomati yeASCII kune anoisa data kana host kuburikidza nemirairo yeSDI-12, iyo iri nyore kuchengetedza nekuongorora data rinotevera.
3. Kushandiswa kweSDI-12 soil sensor
Kurima kwakanyatsonaka
Mumashandisirwo mazhinji ekurima, SDI-12 soil sensor inopa varimi rutsigiro rwesainzi rwekusarudza kudiridza nekutarisa hunyoro nekupisa kwevhu panguva chaiyo. Semuenzaniso, kuburikidza neSDI-12 soil sensor yakaiswa mumunda, varimi vanogona kuwana ruzivo rwehunyoro hwevhu panguva chaiyo, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemvura yezvirimwa, kudzivirira marara emvura zvinobudirira, kuvandudza goho rezvirimwa uye mhando.
Kutarisa zvakatipoteredza
Muchirongwa chekuchengetedza nharaunda nekutarisa nharaunda, sensor yevhu yeSDI-12 inoshandiswa kutarisa kukanganiswa kwezvinosvibisa pamhando yevhu. Mamwe mapurojekiti ekugadzirisa nharaunda anoshandisa sensor yeSDI-12 muvhu rakasviba kuti vatarise shanduko muhuwandu hwesimbi dzinorema nemakemikari muvhu munguva chaiyo kuti vape rutsigiro rwedata rezvirongwa zvekugadzirisa.
Ongororo yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze
Mukutsvaga shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, kutarisa hunyoro hwevhu nekuchinja kwekushisa kwakakosha pakutsvagisa mamiriro ekunze. Sensor yeSDI-12 inopa data kwenguva yakareba, zvichibvumira vaongorori kuongorora mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pakuchinja kwemvura yevhu. Semuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nguva, timu yekutsvagisa yakashandisa data renguva refu kubva kusensor yeSDI-12 kuongorora mafambiro ehunyoro hwevhu pasi pemamiriro ekunze akasiyana, ichipa data rakakosha rekugadzirisa modhi yemamiriro ekunze.
4. Nyaya chaidzo
Nyaya 1:
Mumunda wemichero wakakura muCalifornia, vaongorori vakashandisa SDI-12 soil sensor kuti vatarise hunyoro nekupisa kwevhu panguva chaiyo. Purazi iri rinorima miti yemichero yakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira maapuro, citrus nezvimwewo. Nekuisa SDI-12 sensors pakati pemarudzi akasiyana emiti, varimi vanogona kuwana hunyoro hwevhu hwemudzi wega wega wemuti nemazvo.
Kushanda kwekuita: Data rinounganidzwa nesensa rinosanganiswa nedata remamiriro ekunze, uye varimi vanogadzirisa sisitimu yekudiridza zvichienderana nehunyoro chaihwo hwevhu, zvichidzivirira kutambisa mvura kunokonzerwa nekudiridza zvakanyanya. Pamusoro pezvo, kutarisa tembiricha yevhu panguva chaiyo kunobatsira varimi kugadzirisa nguva yekudiridza nekudzora zvipembenene. Zvakabuda zvakaratidza kuti goho rose remunda wemichero rakawedzera ne15%, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekushandisa mvura kwakawedzera neanopfuura 20%.
Nyaya yechipiri:
Muchirongwa chekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzine mvura zhinji kumabvazuva kweUnited States, timu yekutsvagisa yakaisa michina yeSDI-12 inotarisa ivhu kuti iongorore huwandu hwemvura, munyu uye tsvina yezvisikwa muvhu rine mvura zhinji. Data iri rakakosha pakuongorora hutano hwenzvimbo dzine mvura zhinji.
Kushanda kwekushandisa: Kuburikidza nekutarisa nguva dzose, zvakaonekwa kuti pane hukama hwakananga pakati pekuchinja kwehuwandu hwemvura yevhu munzvimbo ine mvura uye kuchinja kwekushandiswa kwevhu kwakapoteredza. Kuongororwa kwedata kwakaratidza kuti huwandu hwemunyu wevhu munzvimbo dzine mvura hwakakwira munguva dzekurima kwakawanda, zvichikanganisa kusiyana-siyana kwenzvimbo dzine mvura. Zvichibva padata iri, masangano ekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza akagadzira matanho akakodzera ekutarisira, akadai sekuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura yekurima uye kukurudzira nzira dzekurima dzinogara kwenguva refu, kuderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza munzvimbo ine mvura, nokudaro zvichibatsira kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwenzvimbo.
Nyaya yechitatu:
Muchidzidzo chepasi rose chekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, masayendisiti akagadzira network yeSDI-12 soil sensors munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemamiriro ekunze, dzakadai senzvimbo dzinopisa, dzine mamiriro ekunze akadzikama uye dzinotonhora, kuti vatarise zviratidzo zvakakosha zvakaita sehunyoro hwevhu, tembiricha uye huwandu hwekabhoni yeorganic. Ma sensors aya anounganidza data kakawanda, zvichipa rutsigiro rwakakosha rwekuongorora mamodheru emamiriro ekunze.
Mhedzisiro yekushandiswa: Kuongororwa kwedata kwakaratidza kuti hunyoro hwevhu nekushanduka kwekushisa zvine mhedzisiro yakakura pakuora kwecarbon yeorganic yevhu mumamiriro ekunze akasiyana. Zvakawanikwa izvi zvinopa rutsigiro rwakasimba rwedata rekuvandudza mamodheru emamiriro ekunze, zvichibvumira timu yekutsvagisa kufanotaura zvakanyatsojeka kukanganisa kunogona kuitika kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze mune ramangwana pakuchengetwa kwecarbon yevhu. Mhedzisiro yechidzidzo ichi yakapihwa pamisangano yakati wandei yepasi rose yemamiriro ekunze uye yakakwezva kutariswa kukuru.
5. Mafambiro ebudiriro yeramangwana
Nekukura nekukurumidza kwekurima kwakangwara uye kuvandudzwa kwezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza, maitiro ekuvandudza eramangwana eSDI-12 protocol soil sensors anogona kupfupikiswa seizvi:
Kubatanidzwa kwepamusoro: Masensa emangwana achabatanidza mabasa akawanda ekuyera, akadai sekutarisa mamiriro ekunze (tembiricha, hunyoro, kumanikidzwa), kuti ape rutsigiro rwakakwana rwedata.
Hungwaru Hwakawedzerwa: Pamwe chete netekinoroji yeInternet of Things (IoT), SDI-12 soil sensor ichave nerutsigiro rwekusarudza rwakangwara rwekuongorora uye mazano zvichibva padata renguva chaiyo.
Kuona data: Mune ramangwana, masensa achashanda pamwe chete nemapuratifomu egore kana maapplication enharembozha kuti data rionekwe, kuitira kuti vashandisi vawane ruzivo rwevhu nenguva uye vatarisire zviri nani.
Kuderedzwa kwemitengo: Sezvo tekinoroji iri kuramba ichikura uye maitiro ekugadzira achivandudzika, mutengo wekugadzira weSDI-12 soil sensors unotarisirwa kudzikira uye kuwanikwa zvakanyanya.
Mhedziso
SDI-12 inoburitsa ivhu sensor iri nyore kushandisa, inoshanda zvakanaka, uye inogona kupa ruzivo rwevhu rwakavimbika, inova chishandiso chakakosha chekutsigira kurima kwakarurama uye kutarisa nharaunda. Nekuvandudzwa kuri kuitwa uye kufarirwa kwetekinoroji, ma sensor aya achapa rutsigiro rwedata runokosha mukuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekurima uye matanho ekuchengetedza nharaunda, zvichibatsira mukusimudzira nharaunda nekuvaka magariro ezvisikwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-15-2025