Muna 2023, vanhu zana nemakumi mashanu nevatatu vakafa nechirwere chedengue muKerala, vachiverengera makumi matatu nembiri muzana yerufu rwedengue muIndia. Bihar ndiyo nyika ine nhamba yechipiri yepamusoro-soro yekufa kwedengue, paine makumi manomwe nemana chete ekufa kwedengue, isingasviki hafu yehuwandu hweKerala. Gore rapfuura, sainzi wezvemamiriro ekunze Roxy Mathew Call, aishanda pamuenzaniso wekufembera kubuda kwedengue, akaenda kuKerala mukuru wemamiriro ekunze uye mukuru wehutano achikumbira mari yeprojekti. Chikwata chake kuIndia Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) yakagadzira muenzaniso wakafanana wePune. Dr Khil, nyanzvi yezvemamiriro ekunze kuIndia Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), vakati, "Izvi zvichabatsira zvikuru bazi rezvehutano reKerala sezvo zvichabatsira mukutarisisa uye kutora matanho ekudzivirira kudzivirira kuitika kwezvirwere." nodal officer.
Zvese zvaakapihwa aive maemail epamutemo eDirector wePublic Health uye Mutevedzeri weDirector wePublic Health. Kunyangwe maemail echiyeuchidzo uye mameseji, hapana data rakapihwa.
Izvi zvinoshandawo kune data yekunaya. "Nekucherekedza kwakaringana, fungidziro chaiyo, yambiro chaiyo uye marongero akakodzera, hupenyu huzhinji hunogona kuponeswa," akadaro Dr Cole, akagamuchira mubairo wepamusoro wesainzi muIndia gore rino, Vigyan Yuva Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Geologist Award. Akataura hurukuro yainzi "Mamiriro ekunze: Chii chakarembera muchiyero" paManorama Conclave muThiruvananthapuram neChishanu.
Dr Cole vakati nekuda kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, Western Ghats neGungwa reArabia kumativi ese eKerala dzave semadhimoni nemakungwa. "Mamiriro ekunze haasi kungochinja chete, ari kuchinja nekukurumidza," akadaro. Mhinduro chete, akadaro, kugadzira eco-inoshamwaridzika Kerala. "Tinofanirwa kutarisa nezve panchayat level. Migwagwa, zvikoro, dzimba, zvimwe zvivakwa nenzvimbo yekurima inofanirwa kuenderana nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze," vakadaro.
Chekutanga, akadaro, Kerala inofanirwa kugadzira network yakaomesesa uye inoshanda yekutarisa mamiriro ekunze. Musi waChikunguru 30, zuva rekudonha kweWayanad, iyo India Meteorological Department (IMD) neKerala State Disaster Management Authority (KSDMA) yakaburitsa mamepu maviri akasiyana ekuyeresa mvura. Zvinoenderana nemepu yeKSDMA, Wayanad yakagamuchira mvura inonaya kwazvo (kupfuura 115mm) uye kunaya kwemvura muna Chikunguru 30, zvisinei, IMD inopa maverengero mana akasiyana eWayanad: kunaya kwakanyanya, mvura inonaya, mvura iri pakati nepakati uye mvura shoma;
Zvinoenderana nemepu yeIMD, matunhu mazhinji muThiruvananthapuram neKollam akagamuchira mwenje kusvika kumvura yakareruka, asi KSDMA yakashuma kuti matunhu maviri aya akawana mvura iri pakati nepakati. "Hatigone kushivirira izvo mazuva ano. Isu tinofanirwa kugadzira ine dense yekutarisa mamiriro ekunze muKerala kuti tinzwisise uye kufanotaura mamiriro ekunze," akadaro Dr Kohl. "Idzi data rinofanira kuwanikwa pachena," akadaro.
MuKerala mune chikoro makiromita matatu oga oga. Zvikoro izvi zvinokwanisa kuve nemidziyo yekudzivirira mamiriro ekunze. “Chikoro chega-chega chinokwanisa kuve nemageji ekuyera kupisa kwemvura uye mathermometer ekuyeresa tembiricha.Muna 2018, chimwe chikoro chakaongorora kunaya kwemvura uye kuwanda kwemvura murwizi Meenachil ndokuponesa mhuri makumi matanhatu kuzasi kwerwizi kuburikidza nekufungidzira mafashamu,” vakadaro.
Saizvozvo, zvikoro zvinokwanisa kuve nemagetsi ezuva uye zvakare kuve nematangi emvura inonaya. "Nenzira iyi, vadzidzi havangoziva nezvekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, asi kuti vagadzirirewo," akadaro. Data yavo inozova chikamu chekutarisa network.
Nekudaro, kufanotaura mafashama uye kudonha kwevhu kunoda kurongeka uye kubatana kwemadhipatimendi akati wandei, senge geology uye hydrology, kugadzira mhando. "Tinogona kuita izvi," akadaro.
Makumi ega ega, 17 metres yenyika inorasika. Dr Cole veIndia Institute of Tropical Meteorology vakati mwero wegungwa wakakwira nemamirimita matatu pagore kubva muna 1980, kana masendimita matatu pamakore gumi. Akataura kuti kunyange zvazvo ichiita sediki, kana materu akangoita madhigirii 0,1 chete, mamita gumi nemanomwe evhu achakukurwa. “Inyaya imwe cheteyo yekare.
Saizvozvowo, kubva muna 1980, nhamba yemadutu yakawedzera nezvikamu makumi mashanu kubva muzana uye nguva yadzo ne80 muzana, akadaro. Munguva iyi, kuwanda kwekunaya kwakanyanya kwakapetwa katatu. Vati panosvika gore ra2050, mvura ichanaya nechikamu che10% pakuwedzera kwekushisa kwemadhigirii ese.
Impact of Land Use Change Ongororo yakaitwa paTrivandrum's Urban Heat Island (UHI) (izwi rinoshandiswa kutsanangura nzvimbo dzemumaguta dziri kudziya kudarika nzvimbo dzekumaruwa) dzakaona kuti tembiricha munzvimbo dzakavakwa kana masango ekongiri inokwira kusvika pa30. 82 degrees Celsius zvichienzaniswa ne25.92 degrees Celsius. muna 1988 - kusvetuka kweanenge 5 madhigirii mumakore 34.
Ongororo yakaitwa naDr. Cole yakaratidza kuti munzvimbo dzakavhurika tembiricha ichakwira kubva pa25.92 degrees Celsius muna 1988 kusvika pa26,8 degrees Celsius muna 2022. Munzvimbo dzine zvinomera, tembiricha dzakakwira kubva pa26.61 degrees Celsius kusvika 30,82 degrees Celsius muna 2022, kusvetuka kwe4,21 degrees.
Tembiricha yemvura yakanyorwa pa25,21 degrees Celsius, yakadzikira zvishoma pane 25,66 degrees Celsius yakanyorwa muna 1988, tembiricha yaive 24,33 degrees Celsius;
Dr Cole vakati tembiricha yakakwira uye yakaderera muchitsuwa chekupisa cheguta zvakare yakawedzera zvishoma panguva iyi. “Kuchinja kwakadai mukushandiswa kwevhu kunogonawo kuita kuti ivhu rive munjodzi yekuondomoka kwevhu nemafashamu,” vakadaro.
Dr Cole vakati kugadzirisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunoda nzira ine mativi maviri: kuderedza uye kugadzirisa. "Kuderedza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze iko zvino kwave kudarika zvatinokwanisa. Izvi zvinofanira kuitwa pasi rose. Kerala inofanira kutarisa kugadzirisa. KSDMA yakaona nzvimbo dzinopisa. Ipai michina yekudzivirira mamiriro ekunze kune panchayat imwe neimwe," akadaro.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-23-2024