Anemometer yeUltrasonic

Nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze ipurojekiti inozivikanwa yekuedza masensa akasiyana-siyana ezvakatipoteredza, uye anemometer yakapfava yekapu uye vane yemamiriro ekunze zvinowanzo sarudzwa kuti zvione kumhanya kwemhepo uye kwainoenda. Kune QingStation yaJianjia Ma, akasarudza kugadzira imwe mhando yesensa yemhepo: anemometer yeultrasonic.
Ma anemometer e ultrasonic haana zvikamu zvinofamba, asi kutengeserana uku kuwedzera kukuru kwekuoma kwemagetsi. Anoshanda nekuyera nguva inotora kuti ultrasound sound pulse ionekwe kune receiver iri kure inozivikanwa. Kutungamira kwemhepo kunogona kuverengerwa nekutora kuverenga kwekumhanya kubva kumapaya maviri ema ultrasonic sensors akatarisana uye kushandisa trigonometry iri nyore. Kushanda zvakanaka kwe ultrasonic anemometer kunoda kugadzirwa kwakanyatsonaka kwe analog amplifier pamugumo wekugamuchira uye kugadziriswa kwakawanda kwesignal kuti ibudise chiratidzo chakakodzera kubva kuma echoes echipiri, multipath propagation, uye ruzha rwese rwunokonzerwa nenzvimbo. Dhizaini uye maitiro ekuyedza zvakanyorwa zvakanaka. Sezvo [Jianjia] asina kukwanisa kushandisa tunnel yemhepo kuyedza uye kugadzirisa, akaisa anemometer kwenguva pfupi padenga remotokari yake ndokuenda. Kukosha kwacho kwakaenzana nekumhanya kweGPS kwemotokari, asi kwakakwira zvishoma. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekukanganisa kwekuverenga kana zvinhu zvekunze zvakaita sekukanganiswa kwemhepo kana kufamba kwemhepo kubva mumotokari yekuyedza kana kumwe kutyaira kwemugwagwa.
Mamwe masensa anosanganisira masensa emvura anopenya, masensa emwenje, masensa emwenje uye BME280 yekuyera kumanikidzwa kwemhepo, hunyoro uye tembiricha. Jianjia anoronga kushandisa QingStation muchikepe chinozvitonga, saka akawedzerawo IMU, kambasi, GPS, uye maikorofoni yekurira kwemhepo.
Nekuda kwekufambira mberi mu sensors, electronics, uye prototyping technology, kuvaka nzvimbo yemamiriro ekunze yemunhu kuri nyore kupfuura kare. Kuwanikwa kwema network modules asingadhuri kunotibvumira kuva nechokwadi chekuti zvishandiso izvi zveIoT zvinogona kutumira ruzivo rwavo kuma database everuzhinji, zvichipa nharaunda dzemunharaunda data remamiriro ekunze rakakodzera munzvimbo dzavanogara.
Manolis Nikiforakis ari kuedza kuvaka Weather Piramidhi, chishandiso chekuyera mamiriro ekunze chakasimba chose, chisina kugadziriswa, chine simba uye chekutaurirana chakagadzirirwa kushandiswa pakukura kukuru. Kazhinji, nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzine masensa anoyera tembiricha, kumanikidzwa, hunyoro, kumhanya kwemhepo uye kunaya kwemvura. Kunyange zvazvo akawanda emaparamita aya achigona kuyerwa uchishandisa masensa emamiriro ekunze akasimba, kuona kumhanya kwemhepo, divi, uye kunaya kwemvura zvinowanzoda imwe mhando yemudziyo wemagetsi.
Kugadzirwa kwemasensa akadaro kwakaoma uye kwakaoma. Paunenge uchironga kuiswa kwesensa huru, unofanirwawo kuve nechokwadi chekuti dzinochengetedza mari, dziri nyore kuisa, uye hadzidi kugadziriswa nguva nenguva. Kubvisa matambudziko ese aya kunogona kutungamira pakuvakwa kwenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzakavimbika uye dzisingadhuri, dzinogona kuiswa dzakawanda munzvimbo dziri kure.
Manolis ane mazano ekugadzirisa matambudziko aya. Anoronga kutora kumhanya kwemhepo negwara kubva kuaccelerometer, gyroscope necompass muine inertial sensor unit (IMU) (zvichida MPU-9150). Chirongwa ndechekutevera kufamba kweIMU sensor painotenderera zvakasununguka patambo, senge pendulum. Akaita mamwe maverengero pa napkin uye anoita seane chivimbo chekuti achapa mhedzisiro yaanoda pakuyedza prototype. Kunzwa kwemvura kuchaitwa uchishandisa capacitive sensors uchishandisa sensor yakatsaurirwa senge MPR121 kana built-in touch function muESP32. Dhizaini nenzvimbo ye electrode tracks zvakakosha zvikuru pakuyera mvura nemazvo nekuona madonhwe emvura. Saizi, chimiro uye kugoverwa kwehuremu kweimba iyo sensor yakaiswa mairi zvakakoshawo sezvo zvichikanganisa huwandu, resolution uye kururama kwechishandiso. Manolis ari kushanda pamazano akati wandei ekugadzira aanoronga kuyedza asati asarudza kana nzvimbo yese yemamiriro ekunze ichave mukati meimba inotenderera kana kuti ma sensor ari mukati chete.
Nekuda kwekufarira kwake zvemamiriro ekunze, [Karl] akavaka nzvimbo yekuongorora mamiriro ekunze. Chitsva pane izvi i ultrasonic wind sensor, iyo inoshandisa nguva yekubhururuka kwe ultrasound pulses kuti ione kumhanya kwemhepo.
Sensor yaCarla inoshandisa ma transducer mana e ultrasonic, akatarisa kuchamhembe, kumaodzanyemba, kumabvazuva nekumadokero, kuti aone kumhanya kwemhepo. Nekuyera nguva inotora kuti ultrasound pulse ifambe pakati pema sensors ari mukamuri uye kubvisa zviyero zvemunda, tinowana nguva yekubhururuka kwe axis yega yega uye nekudaro kumhanya kwemhepo.
Uku kuratidzwa kunoshamisa kwemhinduro dzeinjiniya, pamwe chete nemushumo wekugadzira wakadzama zvinoshamisa.