Wakambozvibvunza here kuti data rezuva nezuva rekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze rinobva kupi? Mumakomo asina vanhu, makungwa ari kure uye kunyange kuAntarctica iri kure, ndiani ari kunyora chinyararire mweya wemhepo nematanho emvura? Mhinduro dzacho dzakavanzwa mubhokisi rimwe chete risingashamisi - ndivo "magamba asingazivikanwe" ekucherechedza mamiriro ekunze kwemazuva ano: Automatic Weather stations (AWS).
Chii chinonzi automatic weather station?
Fungidzira munhu anorekodha mamiriro ekunze anoshanda gore rese asingazorori, pasinei nemhepo kana mvura. Nzvimbo yemamiriro ekunze inongoerekana yavapo: isystem yakangwara inobatanidza masensa, michina yekutora data uye yekutaurirana, inokwanisa kuunganidza otomatiki uye nguva dzose data rakakosha remamiriro ekunze senge tembiricha, hunyoro, kumanikidzwa kwemhepo, kumhanya kwemhepo nekwainoenda, kunaya kwezuva, uye kuatumira panguva chaiyo kunzvimbo yedata kuburikidza nenetwork dzisina waya.
Kusiyana nenzvimbo dzemazuva ano dzinoshandisa nguva dzakanyorwa nemaoko, mabhenefiti makuru enzvimbo dzemazuva ano dzinoshanda dzoga ari mukushanda kwadzo kusina vanhu uye "kushanda kwadzo panguva chaiyo". Ingava nzvimbo yechando iri mumakomo pakati pehusiku kana nzvimbo dziri kumahombekombe dzakaparadzwa nemadutu, inogona kushanda zvakanaka, ichizadza mukaha wepasi unonetsa vanhu kuramba vachiona.
Kuburitsa "Nhengo Dzayo Dzishanu Dzemukati Nezvikamu Zvitanhatu Zvemukati
Nzvimbo yemamiriro ekunze inongoerekana yaita senge muchengeti wetekinoroji ane pfungwa dzakapinza:
Sisitimu yekuona (sensor array): Masensa ane kunyatsojeka ndiwo "manzwiro" ayo. Masensa ekupisa/hunyoro anowanzoiswa mumabhokisi anodzivirira mwaranzi. Anemometer inomira kumusoro. Chiyero chemvura chinobata nemazvo mamirimita ese emvura. Sensor yepressure iri kumirira mubhokisi. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzepamusoro dzakashongedzerwawo nemamita ekuona, masensa ekudzika kwechando, tembiricha yevhu uye hunyoro, nezvimwewo.
Uropi neMwoyo (Kuwana Data uye Kupa Simba): Muunganidzi wedata ndiwo "uropi" hwakakosha, hune basa rekugadzirisa masaini e sensor nekuchengetedza data. Munzvimbo dzisingakwanise kusvika grid yemagetsi, ma solar panels, pamwe chete nema battery packs, anoumba "system yekupa simba remoyo" inozvimiririra.
Sisitimu yetsinga (chikamu chekutaurirana): Data rinounganidzwa kuburikidza neGPRS/4G/5G, satellite kana redhiyo rinotumirwa panguva chaiyo kuseva yepakati pedhipatimendi remamiriro ekunze sezviratidzo zvetsinga, zvichiva capillaries ye network yedata remamiriro ekunze yepasi rose.
Inotsigira sei chinyararire nzanga yemazuva ano?
Kukosha kwechiteshi chemamiriro ekunze chinozviitikira chega kunopfuura nhamba yekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze:
Kurima nemazvo: Nzvimbo dzekurima dzinoongorora tembiricha nehunyoro panguva chaiyo. Pamwe chete neruzivo rwevhu, dzinotungamira kudiridza nekufudza, dzichibatsira kuchengetedza mvura uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, uye dzinobata nechando chakangoerekana chaitika kana mhepo inopisa uye yakaoma.
2. Mutsetse wekudzivirira nekuderedza njodzi: Zviteshi zve otomatiki zvakaiswa munzvimbo dzine makomo neparutivi penzizi ndizvo "zvinopfura nekukurumidza" mafashamo emakomo uye marara anoyerera nekukurumidza. Vakatumira data pakutanga panguva yemvura, vachitenga nguva inokosha yekuburitsa vanhu.
3. Kusimudzira Simba Rinochengetedza Zvisikwa: Mapurazi emhepo nenzvimbo dzemagetsi dzinoshandisa simba remagetsi zvinoshandisa ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze kuti zviite kuti mashandiro azvo ave akanaka. Kufanotaura kwakarurama kwekumhanya kwemhepo uye kupenya kwayo kwakabatana zvakananga nekutumirwa kwegridi yemagetsi uye kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba.
4. Kuchengetedza tambo yekubatsira: Zviteshi zvinozvishandira zvega zvakatenderedza nhandare yendege zvinonyatsoongorora kuchekwa kwemhepo munzvimbo dzakaderera uye kudonha kwechando munhandare yendege. Zviteshi zviri pamugwagwa mukuru zvinogona kupa yambiro yemhute nechando panguva yakakodzera.
5. Ziso reSainzi: Kubva kuQuanhai-Xizang Plateau kusvika kumasango emvura anonaya mvura, nzvimbo dzinoongorora sainzi dzinongoerekana dzave dzichitarisa shanduko dzisina kusimba mumamiriro ekunze ePasi kwenguva yakareba, dzichiunganidza data risingatsiviwe rekutsvaga shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.
Remangwana rasvika: rakangwara uye rakabatana zvakanyanya
Nekupinda kweInternet of Things uye tekinoroji yehungwaru hwekugadzira, nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzinozviitikira dzoga dziri kuramba dzichiwedzera kuva "dzakangwara". Edge computing inobvumira mawebhusaiti kutanga kuongorora data uye kungotumira ruzivo rwakakosha chete. Maalgorithms eAI anobatsira kuona nekugadzirisa zvikanganiso zve sensor; Network dze sensor dzemamiriro ekunze dzakanyanya kuwanda uye dzakachipa dzakabatana zvakanyanya nemaguta akangwara. Mune ramangwana, panogona kunge paine "nzvimbo yekuongorora mamiriro ekunze" mushure menguva pfupi, zvichitipa masevhisi emamiriro ekunze "akacheneswa zvakanyanya" padanho remamita zana nemaminitsi.
Mhedziso
Nguva inotevera paunotarisa mamiriro ekunze pafoni yako kana kugamuchira yambiro yenjodzi panguva yakakodzera, ungafunga nezve "varindi vemamiriro ekunze" avo pasi rese. Vanomira vakanyarara, vachishandisa data semutauro wavo, vachitaura nyaya yemhepo yepasi uye vachichengetedza chinyararire kugadzirwa kwedu nehupenyu hwedu. Nzvimbo yemamiriro ekunze inongoerekana yaitika, chishandiso ichi chetekinoroji chinoita sechisina basa, ipfungwa yakajeka yekuti vanhu vanoshandisa sei tekinoroji kunzwisisa zvisikwa uye kugara pamwe chete nazvo zvakanaka.
Kufunga kwakawedzerwa: Kana ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze rwava kuwanikwa zviri nyore kudaro, tingarushandisa sei zviri nani kugadzirisa matambudziko anowanzoitika emamiriro ekunze akaipisisa? Pamwe, munhu wese anogona kuva chikamu che network iyi yekuongorora zvinhu nekuchenjera.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze, ndapota taura neHonde Technology Co., LTD.
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Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-26-2025