Nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzinoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwekurima, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu ari kuwedzera ekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, mabasa ezvemamiriro ekunze anobatsira varimi kugadzirisa kugadzirwa kwekurima uye kuvandudza goho rezvirimwa nehunhu nekupa data rezvemamiriro ekunze nemafungire azvo. Izvi zvinotevera ongororo yakadzama yehukama huripo pakati penzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze nemabasa ezvemamiriro ekunze:
1. Mabasa ekutanga enzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze
Nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzakashongedzerwa nemasensa akasiyana-siyana nemidziyo yekutarisa mamiriro ekunze ezvakatipoteredza munguva chaiyo, kusanganisira:
Kupisa: kunokanganisa kumera kwembeu, kukura kwezvirimwa uye kukura kwazvo.
Hunyoro: Hunokanganisa kupwa kwemvura uye kukura kwezvirwere muzvirimwa.
Kunaya kwemvura: Zvinokanganisa zvakananga hunyoro hwevhu uye zvinodiwa pakudiridza.
Kumhanya kwemhepo nekwainoenda: Zvinokanganisa kupararira kwezvirimwa uye kupararira kwezvipembenene nezvirwere.
Kupenya kwechiedza: kunokanganisa photosynthesis uye mwero wekukura kwezvirimwa.
Kana data racho raunganidzwa, rinogona kushandiswa kuongorora nekufanotaura shanduko dzemamiriro ekunze uye kupa hwaro hwesarudzo dzekurima.
2. Zvinangwa zvemabasa ekuongorora mamiriro ekunze mukurima
Chinangwa chikuru chebasa rezvemamiriro ekunze kwezvirimwa ndechekuvandudza mashandiro ekurima uye mabhenefiti ehupfumi hwevarimi kuburikidza nerutsigiro rwesainzi rwemamiriro ekunze. Zvikuru sei, mabasa ezvemamiriro ekunze anotarisa pane zvinotevera:
Kuisa manyowa nemazvo uye kudiridza: Zvichibva padata rezvemamiriro ekunze, kurongeka kwakanaka kwekuisa manyowa uye nguva yekudiridza kudzivirira kutambisa zviwanikwa zvisina kufanira.
Kufanotaura kukura kwezvirimwa: Kushandisa ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze kufanotaura nguva yekukura kwezvirimwa, kubatsira varimi kusarudza nguva yakakodzera yekudyara nekukohwa.
Yambiro yezvirwere nezvipembenene: Nekutarisa tembiricha, hunyoro nezvimwe zviratidzo, kufanotaura nguva nenguva uye yambiro yekutanga yezvirwere zvezvirimwa nenjodzi yezvipembenene, uye kutungamira varimi kutora matanho akakodzera ekudzivirira nekudzora.
Kurwisa njodzi dzechisikigo: Ipa yambiro yekutanga yenjodzi dzechisikigo dzakadai semafashamo, kusanaya kwemvura uye chando kuti ubatsire varimi kugadzira hurongwa hwekukurumidzira uye kuderedza kurasikirwa.
3. Kuzadzikiswa kwekurima kwakarurama
Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze kuri kuvandudzwa nguva dzose, uye kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa zvakawanda kwatanga kubatanidza pfungwa yekurima nemazvo. Kuburikidza nekutarisa mamiriro ekunze nemazvo, varimi vanogona:
Kutarisa panzvimbo: Uchishandisa matekinoroji akadai senzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzinotakurika uye madrone, kutarisa shanduko dzemamiriro ekunze panguva chaiyo munzvimbo dzakasiyana kunogona kuzadzisa mazano ekutarisira akagadzirirwa iwe pachako.
Kugovana nekuongorora data: Nekukura kwe cloud computing uye big data technology, data rezvemamiriro ekunze rinogona kusanganiswa nedzimwe data dzezvekurima (dzakadai semhando yevhu nekukura kwezvirimwa) kuti zvigadzire ongororo yakakwana uye kupa rutsigiro rwakakwana rwedata pakuita sarudzo dzezvekurima.
Rutsigiro rwekusarudza zvine hungwaru: Shandisa kudzidza kwemuchina uye huchenjeri hwekugadzira kuti ugadzire otomatiki mazano ekutarisira zvichibva padata remamiriro ekunze ekare uye ruzivo rwekutarisa panguva chaiyo kuti ubatsire varimi kugadzirisa sarudzo dzekugadzira.
4. Zvidzidzo zvezviitiko uye mienzaniso yekushandisa
Mabasa ezvemamiriro ekunze munyika dzakawanda akabudirira kushandisa nzira dzesainzi dzekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze. Heano mamwe emabasa akabudirira:
Sangano reNational AgroMeteorological Network (NCDC) rinobatsira varimi kutarisira zvirimwa zvavo kuburikidza netiweki yenyika yenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzinopa ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze panguva chaiyo uye mabasa ezvemamiriro ekunze.
Mabasa eKushanduka kweMamiriro eNyika muChina: Dare reChina Meteorological Administration (CMA) rinoita mabasa ekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze kuburikidza nenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze pamatanho ese, kunyanya muzvirimwa zvakasiyana zvakaita seminda yemupunga nemichero yemichero, richipa mishumo yemamiriro ekunze nguva nenguva uye yambiro dzenjodzi.
AgroMeteorological Centre (IMD) yeIndia: Kuburikidza nehurongwa hwenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze, IMD inopa varimi mazano ekudyara, kusanganisira kudyara zvakanaka, kuisa manyowa uye nguva yekukohwa, kuti varimi vadiki vawane goho rakanaka uye vatsungirire.
5. Kubudirira kunoramba kuripo uye dambudziko
Kunyangwe nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzichiita basa rakakosha mumabasa ezvemamiriro ekunze ekurima, kuchine mamwe matambudziko:
Kugona kuwana data uye kuongorora: Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kuvimbika uye nguva yekutora data rezvemamiriro ekunze hazvisati zvakwana.
Kugamuchirwa kwevarimi: Vamwe varimi vane kunzwisisa kushoma uye kugamuchira matekinoroji matsva, izvo zvinokanganisa mashandiro emabasa emamiriro ekunze.
Kusafanotaurwa kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze: Mamiriro ekunze akaipisisa anokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze anoita kuti kugadzirwa kwekurima kusazivikanwe uye kunoita kuti kudiwa kwemabasa ekunze kuwedzere.
mhedziso
Zvose pamwe chete, nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzinoita basa rakakosha mumabasa ezvemamiriro ekunze, zvichibatsira mukusimudzira kugadzirwa kwekurima nekupa data rakarurama uye rutsigiro rwekuita sarudzo dzinoshanda. Nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye kugona kwakavandudzwa kwekuongorora data, nzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze dzicharamba dzichipa hwaro hwakasimba hwekusimudzira kurima, zvichibatsira varimi kugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze anochinja uye kuvandudza kukwikwidzana kwemaindasitiri uye kusimba.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze,
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