1. Pfupiso
Sisitimu yekuyambira njodzi dzemafashamo emakomo inzira inokosha isiri yeinjiniya yekudzivirira njodzi dzemafashamo emakomo.
Zvikurukuru zvakapoteredza zvinhu zvitatu zvekutarisa, yambiro yekutanga uye mhinduro, sisitimu yekutarisa mvura nemvura inosanganisa kuunganidzwa kwemashoko, kutapurirana uye kuongorora yambiro yekutanga uye mhinduro. Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwedambudziko reruzivo rweyambiro yekutanga uye huwandu hunogona kukuvara hwerwizi rwegomo, sarudza nzira dzakakodzera dzekunyevera nekukurumidza uye nzira dzekuita kuti ruzivo rweyambiro ruiswe panguva uye nemazvo, shandisa murairo wesainzi, kuita sarudzo, kutumira, uye kununura uye kubatsira njodzi, kuitira kuti nzvimbo dzenjodzi dzitore matanho ekudzivirira nenguva zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekudzivirira njodzi yemafashamo kuderedza kufa kwevanhu nekuparadzwa kwezvinhu.
2. Kugadzirwa Kwakazara KweSisitimu
Sisitimu yekuyambira njodzi dzemafashamo emakomo yakagadzirwa nekambani iyi inonyanya kushandiswa pakugadzira tekinoroji yeruzivo rwenzvimbo ine mativi matatu kuti iite basa rekutarisa mamiriro emvura uye yambiro yemamiriro emvura. Kutarisa mvura kunosanganisira masisitimu akadai se network yenzvimbo dzekutarisa mvura nemvura, kutapurirana ruzivo uye kuunganidzwa kwedata panguva chaiyo; yambiro yemvura inosanganisira kuferefeta ruzivo rwekutanga, basa renyika, sevhisi yekuongorora mvura yemvura, mamiriro emvura ekufanotaura, kuburitswa kwenyevero yekutanga, kupindura nekukurumidza uye manejimendi esisitimu, nezvimwewo. Sisitimu iyi inosanganisirawo sisitimu yekudzidzisa boka reboka rinodzivirira masangano uye propaganda kuti ipe basa rakazara sisitimu yekuyambira njodzi dzemafashamo emakomo.
3. Kutarisa Mvura Yemvura
Kuongororwa kwemvura yemuchina uyu kunosanganisira nzvimbo yekutarisa mvura yemuchina yakagadzirwa, nzvimbo yekutarisa mvura yemuchina yakabatanidzwa, nzvimbo yekutarisa mvura yemuchina otomatiki uye nzvimbo yepakati peguta/guta; sisitimu iyi inoshandisa musanganiswa wekuongorora otomatiki uye kutarisa nemaoko kuronga nzvimbo dzekutarisa. Midziyo mikuru yekutarisa imhando yemvura iri nyore, gauge yemvura yetipping bucket, gauge yemvura uye gauge yemhando yemvura inoyerera. Sisitimu iyi inogona kushandisa nzira yekutaurirana iri mumufananidzo unotevera:
4. Nzvimbo Yekutarisa Yedunhu Uye Yekunyevera Kwekutanga
Nzvimbo yekutarisa nekuyambira pakutanga ndiyo musimboti wekugadzirisa ruzivo rwedata uye sevhisi yekutarisa njodzi dzemafashamo emakomo uye sisitimu yekuyambira pakutanga. Inonyanya kuumbwa nenetwork yemakomputa, database uye sisitimu yekushandisa. Mabasa makuru anosanganisira sisitimu yekuunganidza data munguva chaiyo, sisitimu yekubvunza ruzivo rwekutanga, sisitimu yepasi yemamiriro ekunze, uye sisitimu yepasi yemvura, sisitimu yepasi yekubvisa yambiro yekutanga, nezvimwewo.
(1) Sisitimu yekuunganidza data panguva chaiyo
Kuunganidzwa kwedata panguva chaiyo kunonyanya kuitwa nekuunganidza data uye kuchinjana data pakati pezvinhu. Kuburikidza nekuunganidza data uye kuchinjana data pakati pezvinhu, data rekutarisa renzvimbo yega yega yekunaya kwemvura nenzvimbo yemvura inowanikwa panguva chaiyo kune sisitimu yekunyevera nezvenjodzi yemafashamo emakomo.
(2) Sisitimu yemibvunzo yeruzivo rwekutanga
Zvichibva pahurongwa hwe3D geographic kuti zviitwe kuti zviitwe uye kuti ruzivo rwekutanga ruwane ruzivo, ruzivo rwekubvunza runogona kusanganiswa nenzvimbo ine makomo kuti zviite kuti mhinduro dzemibvunzo dzive nyore kunzwisisa uye dzechokwadi, uye kupa nzvimbo inooneka, inoshanda uye inokurumidza yekuita sarudzo dzehutungamiriri. Inonyanya kusanganisira ruzivo rwekutanga rwenzvimbo yekutonga, ruzivo rwesangano rekudzivirira mafashamo, ruzivo rwehurongwa hwekudzivirira mafashamo hwakarongwa, mamiriro epakutanga enzvimbo yekutarisa, ruzivo rwemamiriro ebasa, ruzivo rwenzvimbo diki, uye ruzivo rwenjodzi.
(3) Nzvimbo Yekuchengetedza Mamiriro Ekunze
Ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze runosanganisira mepu yegore remamiriro ekunze, mepu yeradar, fungidziro yemamiriro ekunze yedunhu (dunhu), fungidziro yemamiriro ekunze yenyika, mepu yemakomo, kudonha kwevhu uye kuyerera kwemarara, pamwe nerumwe ruzivo.
(4) Sisitimu yemvura yemvura
Sisitimu yemvura yemvura inosanganisira zvikamu zvakati wandei zvakaita semvura inonaya, mvura yerwizi, nemvura yedziva. Basa remvura rinogona kuita mibvunzo yemvura chaiyo, mibvunzo yemvura yekare, ongororo yemvura, kudhirowa kwemutsetse wemvura inonaya, kuverenga kuunganidzwa kwemvura, nezvimwewo. Basa remvura yerwizi rinosanganisira mamiriro emvura erwizi munguva chaiyo, mibvunzo yemamiriro emvura yerwizi, kudhirowa kwemepu yematanho emvura yerwizi, huwandu hwemvura. Mutsetse wehukama hwekuyerera kwemvura unodhirowa; mamiriro emvura yedziva anosanganisira mibvunzo yemamiriro emvura yedziva, dhayagiramu yekuchinja kwemazinga emvura yedziva, mutsetse wematanho ekuchengetedza mvura yedziva, gadziriro yemvura yenguva chaiyo uye kuenzanisa maitiro emamiriro emvura ekare, uye curve yekugona kuchengetedza.
(5) Sisitimu yekubatsira pakufanotaura mamiriro emvura
Sisitimu iyi inochengetedza nzira yekufanotaura mhedzisiro yemafashamo, uye inoshandisa tekinoroji yekuona kuti mafashamo achaitika sei kuratidza shanduko yemafashamo kuvanhu vanoshandisa, uye inopa mabasa akadai sekubvunza machati uye kupa mhinduro.
(6) Sisitimu yepasi pebasa rekuburitsa yambiro nekukurumidza
Kana mvura kana huwandu hwemvura hunopiwa nesystem yekufanotaura mamiriro emvura hwasvika padanho reyambiro rakatarwa nesystem, system yacho inopinda otomatiki mubasa reyambiro yekutanga. Subsystem iyi inotanga yambiro yemukati kuvashandi vekutonga mafashamo, uye yambiro yekutanga kune veruzhinji kuburikidza nekuongorora nemaoko.
(7) Sisitimu yekubatsira vanhu panguva yekukurumidzira
Mushure mekunge sisitimu yekubatsira vanhu kuti vaburitse yambiro yekutanga yapa yambiro yeruzhinji, sisitimu yekubatsira vanhu kuti vabatsirwe nekukurumidza inotanga otomatiki. Iyi sisitimu ichapa vanhu vanoita sarudzo nzira yakakwana uye yakadzama yekupindura njodzi dzemakomo.
Kana njodzi ikaitika, sisitimu iyi ichapa mepu yakadzama yenzvimbo yenjodzi uye nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekubuda uye inopa sevhisi yekubvunza runyorwa rwakakodzera. Mukupindura nyaya yekuchengetedzeka kwehupenyu nepfuma kunounzwa kuvanhu nekuda kwemafashamo, sisitimu iyi inopawo matanho akasiyana-siyana ekununura, matanho ekuzvinunura pamwe nemamwe mapurogiramu, uye inopa masevhisi ekupa mhinduro panguva chaiyo yemhedzisiro yezvirongwa izvi.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-10-2023