Reverse osmosis inobvisa munyu. Inobvisawo zvimwe zvese. Mvura inobuda muRO membrane ine simba remakemikari - pH yakaderera, kuomarara kuri pedyo nezero, alkalinity iri pedyo nezero, uye corrosion potential inoburitsa lead kubva kuma solder joints uye inonyungudutsa simende kubva mumapombi ekuparadzira. Munzvimbo dzegungwa dzeMediterranean muSpain, uko mvura yakabviswa munyu inofamba kubva mumiti yegungwa ichienda kumaguta emukati megungwa, corrosion potential iyoyo haisi yekufungidzira. Ndicho chikonzero nei corrosion yemapaipi mu desalted water distribution systems inodhura zvakanyanya kuchengetedza kupfuura ma network emazuva ano e supply.
Kugadzirisa kweinjiniya ndeyekudzoreredza mineralization: isa CO₂ yakanyungudutswa mumvura yechigadzirwa kuti pH yayo ideredze, wobva waipfuudza nepachigunwe che limestone apo CO₂ inosangana necalcium carbonate kuti inyungudutse calcium ne bicarbonate mumvura. Mugumisiro wacho imvura ine kuomarara kwakadzorwa uye alkalinity - Langelier Saturation Index yakasimba isingazokanganise kana kukwiza madziro emapaipi.
Mwero weCO₂ dosing rate unodzora zvese. CO₂ shoma: calcium isina kukwana inonyunguduka kubva mu limestone, mvura inoramba ichingoora. CO₂ yakawandisa: gasi rakawandisa rinopfuura ne contactor risina kuchinja, rinopinda mu distribution system, uye rinodonhedza pH yemvura papombi - kutyorwa kwemutemo pasi peReal Decreto 140/2003 yeSpain (mitemo yemvura yekunwa, yakakwira 500 mg/L CO₂). Sensor yeCO₂ yakanyungudutswa ndiyo yega chishandiso chinoyera dose chaiyo inopihwa kune maitiro acho, kwete dose inorayirwa nepombi ye dosing.
Sensor
Sensor yeCO₂ yakanyungudutswa yeHonde inoshandisa electrode yemembrane yerudzi rweSeveringhaus. CO₂ inopararira kubva mumvura inobuda kuburikidza nemembrane inopindirwa negasi ichipinda mu internal buffer, uko inogadzira shanduko yepH iyo electrode inoshandura kuita kuverenga kwehuwandu. Kuyerwa kwacho kwakanangana neCO₂ yakanyungudutswa — haipindure kune bicarbonate, carbonate, kana chero imwe mhando yakanyungudutswa.
| Tsanangudzo | Kukosha |
|---|---|
| Nheyo yekuyera | Severinghaus membrane electrode |
| Mhando yeCO₂ | 0–2,000 ppm (0–2 g/L) |
| Kururama | ±3% FS |
| Kugadziriswa | 0.01 ppm |
| Muripo wekupisa | Otomatiki, 0–50°C |
| Zvinobuda | RS485 Modbus-RTU / 4–20 mA |
| Wireless | GPRS / 4G / WiFi / LoRa / LoRaWAN |
| Dzimba | 316L simbi isina ngura, IP68 |
Kubhadhariswa kwekupisa otomatiki ndiyo nzira yakakosha yekubvisa munyu mugungwa reMediterranean. Kupisa kwemvura inogadzirwa kubva pa16°C munguva yechando kusvika pa28°C muzhizha - 12°C swing inoburitsa chikanganiso che12–15% mukuyera CO₂ yakanyungudutswa isina muripo. Mitemo yemvura yekunwa yeSpain inoda kuti CO₂ iongororwe panzvimbo yekugovera, iri patembiricha yekunze. Sensor yakayerwa pa20°C ichiverenga mvura yechigadzirwa chezhizha pa28°C inodarika huwandu hweCO₂ neinenge 15% - zvakakwana kuti itange alarm yenhema yakakwira pafekitori yemuyero wakajairwa. Kubhadhariswa kwekupisa kunobvisa kutenderera uku kwemwaka.
Kugadziriswa Kwemaitiro Emushure meKurapwa
Pafekitori yeSpanish SWRO (seawater RO), sensor yeCO₂ yakanyungudutswa inoiswa panzvimbo mbiri dzekuyera:
Pfungwa 1: Nzvimbo yekuyera CO₂pasi pemusoro weCO₂ injection header, kumusoro kwe limestone contactors. Sensor inosimbisa huwandu hweCO₂ hwakanyungudutswa mvura isati yapinda mu limestone bed. Kuyera pombi inobuda uye CO₂ yakanyungudutswa chaiyo zvinosiyana kana kumanikidzwa kweCO₂ kunochinja kana chikamu chemhepo chinoenzana nemhepo chikachinja - zviitiko zvisingaonekwe nemutongi wepombi inoyera. Sensor inozviona ipapo ipapo.
Pfungwa 2: Musoro wekutumira / wekuparadzira weContactormushure mekushandisa macontactor e limestone. Sensor inoyera CO₂ yakanyungudutswa yasara mumvura yapera, ichisimbisa kuti kuita kwe limestone kwakadya CO₂ mukati mehuwandu hwemutemo. Apa ndipo panoyerwa kutevedzera mitemo.
| Nzvimbo yekuyera maitiro | Basa reSensor | Muganho wemitemo |
|---|---|---|
| Nzvimbo yekuyera CO₂ | Inosimbisa dose chaiyo uchienzaniswa nedose yakarairwa | Hapana muganho wakananga; inotyaira PID control |
| Nzvimbo yekubatanidza/yekuparadzira | Kuyera kutevedzera mitemo | < 500 mg/L CO₂ (Chirevo Chaicho 140/2003) |
Magadzirirwo Emhinduro
Danho 1 - Zvishandiso zvemitiMasensa ese ari maviri anobatanidzwa kune network yekudzora mashandiro emuchina kuburikidza neRS485 Modbus-RTU. Data logger ine skrini mukamuri yekudzora fekitari inoratidza mapoinzi ekuyera ese ari maviri panguva imwe chete - huwandu hweCO₂ inopihwa uye mvura yasara - negraphing yemazuva makumi matatu. Mushandi wemuchina anoongorora sensor yega yega mwedzi wega wega achishandisa Handmeter reference: sampuro yekutora yakaongororwa ne CO₂ meter inotakurika, zvichienzaniswa nekuverenga kwakaiswa.
Danho rechipiri — KutapuriranaMasensa emiti anotumira kuburikidza neGPRS, 4G, kana WiFi modules kune network yeSCADA yekambani yemvura. Kune mafekitori esatellite ari kuCanary Islands uye zviteshi zvegungwa zviri kure muAlmería neMurcia uko kubatana kweWAN kwakatsaurirwa, LoRaWAN inotumira data kunzvimbo yekushanda yekambani yemunharaunda. Data rese rakaiswa muchimiro cheMQTT Json, richipa zvese PID controller yekambani yemuno uye puratifomu yekutarisa hunhu hwemvura yekambani yemuno.
Danho rechitatu — Gore nekudzora dosingCloud server nesoftware zvinobatanidza data reCO₂ rakanyungudutswa kubva kumafekitori ese anoongororwa ekubvisa munyu, zvichiratidza data renguva chaiyo uye data renhoroondo munetwork yekurapa yekambani. Sisitimu yeAlarm relay inoshanda pachiyero chekutevedzera mitemo: kana CO₂ yecontactor-outlet inopfuura 450 mg/L — 50 mg/L pasi pemuganho wemutemo — relay inozivisa mutariri weshift uye inozivisa chiitiko chemushumo wekutevedzera mitemo wekota. Relay yechipiri pasensor yedosing-outlet inotanga kana CO₂ yaderera pasi pehuwandu hushoma hwecontactor-feed, ichizivisa mushandi kuti CO₂ isina kukwana iri kusvika padombo relimestone.
Mhedzisiro Yemunda: Chirimwa cheMediterranean Coastal SWRO, Murcia, Spain, 2026
Fekitori yeSWRO muMurcia inoshandira vatengi vemaguta vanosvika 180,000 yakaisa Honde yakanyungudutsa masensa eCO₂ panzvimbo dzese dzekuyera muna Ndira 2026, zvichitsiva hurongwa hwekare hwekuyedza CO₂ nemaoko kaviri pashafu imwe neimwe.
- • Zvishandiso:Masensa maviri eCO₂ akanyungudutswa pachitima chimwe nechimwe chekurapa (zvitima zvina = masensa masere ese), RS485 yekudyara PLC, 4G yeSCADA yemagetsi.
- • Nzvimbo:Kuisa data nechidzitiro muimba yekudzora; Kuongororwa kwehandmeter mwedzi wega wega.
- • Gore:MQTT Json kupuratifomu yemhando yepamusoro yekambani iyi.
- • Alarm:450 mg/L relay yeCO₂ ine huwandu hwakanyanya; relay yekuderedza dosing-outlet pachitima chimwe nechimwe.
| Chiyero | Muenzaniso wekutanga wekutora (2025) | Sensor yeCO₂ iri mukati (2026) |
|---|---|---|
| Kupfuura kweCO₂ yemvura yakapedzwa (>500 mg/L) | 7 | 0 |
| Kukundikana kwepombi yedosi hakuonekwi > maawa maviri | 9 | 0 |
| pH excursions panzvimbo yekugovera | 23 | 4 |
| Mutengo wemakemikari weCO₂ dosing (wakaiswa mu indexed) | 100% | 87% |
| Ongororo dzeCO₂ rabhoritari dzinoitwa nemaoko pamwedzi | 720 | 72 (kusimbisa chete) |
- Kupfuura kweCO₂ inokwana mvura yakapedzwa muna 2025 — imwe neimwe iri chiitiko chemutemo chaida kuziviswa kuBazi reHutano reSpain — kwakaderera kusvika pazero mumwedzi minomwe yekutanga yekushanda kwemidziyo. Sisitimu yekutumira alarm yakabata kupfuura katatu kwekutanga pachiyero che450 mg/L uye yakazivisa maneja weshift, uyo akagadzirisa chiyero cheCO₂ dosing risati rakanganiswa nzvimbo yemvura yakapedzwa.
- Kukundikana kwepombi yemushonga 9 muna 2025 kwakanga kusina kuonekwa kwemaawa anopfuura maviri vasati vawana bvunzo yekutora sampuro — nekuti chiratidzo chekudzora chepombi chairatidza "kumhanya" ukuwo vharuvhu yakanamatira ichidzivirira kuburitswa kweCO₂. Sensor iri mukati mepombi yemushonga yakaona chiitiko chimwe nechimwe chakafanana mumwaka wa2026 mukati memaminitsi maviri kubva pakutanga kwekutadza, chimwe nechimwe chichikonzera alarm yekutumira pakarepo.
- Mutengo weCO₂ dosing wakaderera ne13% - inline feedback loop yakabvumira chirimwa kusimbisa dosing setpoint kubva pa280 mg/L kusvika pa240 mg/L panzvimbo yekubudisira dosing, zvichibvisa mukana wekuchengetedza waive uchitsiva kusava nechokwadi kwedouble-shift grab sampling.
- Ongororo dzeCO₂ dzinoitwa nemaoko dzakaderedzwa kubva pa720 kusvika pa72 pamwedzi — ma inline sensors anobata nguva dzose nekutarisa kutevedzera mitemo; sampuro dzemwedzi wega wega dzinopa nzira yekuongorora kusimbiswa.
Bata Honde Technology yekutarisa Kurapa Mvura
Honde Technology ikambani yeGerman TUV & Alibaba yakatenderwa kugadzira. Isu tinopa michina yekuyera CO₂ yakanyungudutswa, tekinoroji yeSeveringhaus membrane, uye process-control telemetry inodiwa pakuchenesa mvura inoshanda pasi pemitemo yeCO₂.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve sensor uye mhinduro dzeIoT dzakagadzirwa, ndapota taura neHonde Technology Co., LTD.
- WhatsApp: +86-15210548582
- Tsamba yemagetsi: info@hondetech.com
- Webhusaiti yeKambani: www.hondetechco.com
Mepu Yekudiwa Kwemvura Mumisika Yakagadziriswa Yekuchenesa Mvura Uye Yekurapa Mvura
Sensor yeCO₂ yakanyungudutswa yekudzora mineralization imhando inogoverwa munyika dzese dzinoshandisa SWRO desalination padanho remaguta. Zvivakwa zveSorek neHadera zveIsrael - nzvimbo huru dzeSWRO pasi rose - zvinogara zvichitarisa CO₂ yakanyungudutswa pamagetsi avo emestone. Zvivakwa zvePerth Seawater Desalination Plants (SWDP) zveAustralia neSydney's Kurnell facility zvinotsanangura masensor eCO₂ ari mukati sechikamu chezvishandiso zvekutevedzera mitemo. Network yeAlgarve desalination yePortugal, yakawedzerwa mushure mekusanaya kwemvura muna 2022-2025, inoda kuti CO₂ iongorore pamagetsi ese econtactor. Cyprus neMalta, uko desalination inopa anopfuura 50% yemvura yekunwa, dzinoshandisa masensor eCO₂ yakanyungudutswa senzira huru dzekutevedzera mitemo yenetwork dzavo dzekugovera. Fekitori yega yega inosangana nezvinodiwa zvesensor zvakafanana: Severinghaus membrane electrode, automatic temperature compensation, uye RS485/MQTT output - iyo inovhara dosing control loop iyo isingakwanise kutorwa nemaoko.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-25-2026